Liquid Crystal Display Subpixel Electrode Branching for Wide Viewing Angle
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) face challenges in achieving a wide viewing angle and fast response speed while maintaining excellent visibility and transmittance, particularly with lower side visibility compared to front visibility.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates pixel electrodes with minute branches of varying lengths and widths, where the width of the branches is greater than the interval between them, and the use of pretilt angles for liquid crystal molecules achieved through polymerization by light, such as ultraviolet rays, to enhance the alignment and tilt directions of liquid crystal molecules.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If cutouts and protrusions are formed in field-generating electrodes to distribute tilt directions, then viewing angle is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into multiple subpixel electrodes (first subpixel electrode and second subpixel electrode), and each subpixel electrode is further segmented into multiple minute branches. This segmentation allows different regions to have different alignment directions, achieving wide viewing angle without complex protrusion structures.
Solution Approach 2:
Different subregions of the pixel electrode are designed with different length directions of minute branches to create local variations in alignment directions. Specifically, subpixel electrodes have different orientations in different areas, which controls liquid crystal molecules to tilt in different directions, thereby improving viewing angle characteristics.
2Illumination intensity
If minute branches with width greater than interval between them are used, then transmittance is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The design specifies that the width of minute branches is greater than the interval between neighboring branches, creating an optimized geometric parameter relationship. This parameter configuration maximizes the conductive area for electric field generation while maintaining manufacturability, improving transmittance without requiring excessive precision.
3Speed
If pretilt is applied to liquid crystal molecules to improve response speed, then response speed is improved, but alignment complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The minute branches are designed with specific length directions in different subregions to pre-determine the tilt directions of liquid crystal molecules before voltage application. This preliminary structural arrangement guides molecular alignment, enabling fast response without requiring complex external alignment processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves the viewing angle, response speed, and transmittance of the LCD by controlling the tilt directions of liquid crystal molecules, thereby enhancing image visibility and display quality.
Implementation Method 1
voltages are applied to the field generating electrodes to generate an electric field over the liquid crystal layer, which determines the alignment of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer. Accordingly, the polarization of incident light is controlled
Implementation Method 2
the liquid crystal layer is applied with an electric field and a thermal or light-hardened material is added, and light may be irradiated to slope the liquid crystal molecules in predetermined directions
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a pixel electrode including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode with a gap therebetween; a common electrode facing the pixel electrode; and a liquid crystal layer formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, and including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, wherein the first and second subpixel electrodes include a plurality of minute branches, the first and second subpixel electrodes include a plurality of subregions having different length directions of the minute branches, and the width of the minute branches is wider than an interval between the neighboring minute branches.