LCD Sub-Pixel Electrode Layout for Higher Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid crystal display pixel designs with ring-shaped peripheral common electrode wiring reduce the aperture ratio of the pixel electrode, affecting liquid crystal alignment and display effectiveness, and single-sided or non-common electrode wiring designs lead to manufacturing issues and light leakage.
Innovation Solution
A display panel design with a first common electrode wiring disposed below the electrode stem, a second common electrode wiring at the corner connected by a connecting line, and a thin film transistor diagonally positioned, along with a specific layered structure including insulating and metal layers, to reduce shadows and prevent light leakage by shielding the electric field.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If traditional common electrode wiring design is used, then the wiring structure is simple, but the aperture ratio of the pixel electrode is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from planar wiring layout to a three-dimensional stacked architecture. The first common electrode wiring is positioned in the first metal layer, while the electrode stem and second common electrode wiring are arranged in subsequent layers. This vertical stacking enables the wiring to pass through or around the electrode stem without occupying horizontal pixel area, thereby maintaining aperture ratio while achieving complete wiring coverage.
2Device complexity
If common electrode wiring is disposed above the electrode stem, then the wiring layout is simplified, but shadow and light absorption increase reducing penetration rate
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of placing the common electrode wiring above the electrode stem as in traditional designs, the patent inverts the sequence by positioning the first common electrode wiring below the electrode stem in the first metal layer. This inversion allows light to pass through the transparent substrate and electrode structures first, reaching the liquid crystal layer before encountering the wiring, thereby minimizing shadow effects and maximizing light penetration rate.
3Ease of manufacture
If single-sided Acom wiring design is used, then the manufacturing process is simplified, but liquid crystal alignment is affected when wiring breaks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements different wiring configurations for different regions of the pixel. The first common electrode wiring extends across the pixel region in the first metal layer, while the second common electrode wiring is positioned at specific locations in subsequent layers. This localized differentiation ensures that wiring breaks in one region do not compromise the overall liquid crystal alignment, as other wiring segments continue to provide the necessary electrical connections and field distribution.
4Area of stationary object
If non-Acom wiring design is used, then the aperture ratio is improved, but darkening cannot be achieved in manufacturing process
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the common electrode wiring structure to serve multiple functions simultaneously. The first common electrode wiring in the first metal layer not only provides electrical connection but also acts as a shading structure during the manufacturing darkening process. The second common electrode wiring and electrode stem in upper layers maintain the high aperture ratio by utilizing vertical stacking. This multi-functional design enables both high aperture ratio and effective darkening capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new common electrode wiring design reduces the shadow on the pixel electrode, increases penetration rate, and prevents light leakage by using an ITO pattern for the second common electrode wiring, enhancing the display panel's performance and manufacturing reliability.
Implementation Method 1
a transparent electrode layer to shield electric fields, preventing light leakage
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels. The sub-pixel includes a first common electrode wiring, a second common electrode wiring, a first connecting line, a second connecting line, and a pixel electrode. A sub-pixel structure of the present disclosure uses a new common electrode wiring design, and since a position of an electrode stem in the pixel electrode itself is a dark area, the first common electrode wiring is disposed below the electrode stem, so as to reduce a shadow and increase penetration rate.