Liquid Crystal Display Subpixel Structure for Side Visibility
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Solution Overview
Problem
In vertically aligned liquid crystal displays, dividing a pixel into subpixels with different voltages leads to luminance loss and color distortion due to the 'bump phenomenon' in high gray levels, affecting side visibility and contrast ratio.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display with a 3-division high visibility structure, utilizing multiple subpixel electrodes and reference voltage lines with different polarities to control voltages across subpixels, allowing for independent voltage adjustment and improved luminance and color accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If one pixel is divided into two subpixels with different voltages to improve side visibility, then side visibility is improved, but luminance loss and color distortion occur due to the bump phenomenon
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into three subpixel electrodes (first, second, and third subpixel electrodes) instead of the conventional two subpixels. This segmentation allows for more granular voltage control across different regions of the pixel, enabling independent voltage adjustment for each subpixel electrode through dedicated switching elements. The three-subpixel structure provides additional degrees of freedom to manage the bump phenomenon while maintaining side visibility improvements.
Solution Approach 2:
Different voltage levels are applied to different subpixel electrodes based on their specific positional requirements within the pixel. The first, second, and third subpixel electrodes receive different voltages through independently controlled switching elements, allowing local optimization of liquid crystal alignment and optical properties. This local quality control prevents the bump phenomenon in specific regions while maintaining the side visibility enhancement.
2Adaptability or versatility
If voltages of subpixels are increased or decreased to improve side visibility, then side visibility is improved, but luminance loss occurs in high gray levels
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid crystal display employs dynamic voltage control where the voltages applied to the first, second, and third subpixel electrodes are independently adjustable through their respective switching elements. This dynamic control allows the system to optimize voltage distribution in real-time, preventing luminance loss in high gray levels while maintaining the voltage differential needed for side visibility improvement. The reference voltage lines with different polarities enable this dynamic adjustment.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the voltage parameters applied to different subpixel electrodes, using reference voltages with different polarities (first reference voltage and second reference voltage) to create controlled voltage differences. By adjusting these voltage parameters independently for each subpixel electrode, the system can prevent luminance loss in high gray levels while maintaining the conditions necessary for improved side visibility.
3Adaptability or versatility
If voltages of subpixels are increased or decreased to improve side visibility, then side visibility is improved, but color distortion occurs in middle gray by bump phenomenon
Solution Approach 1:
Dividing the pixel into three subpixel electrodes provides additional control points to prevent the bump phenomenon that causes color distortion in middle gray levels. The extra subpixel electrode and its associated switching element enable more precise local voltage control, allowing the system to maintain color accuracy while still achieving improved side visibility through differential voltage application.
Solution Approach 2:
By applying different voltages to specific subpixel electrodes based on their local requirements, the system can prevent the bump phenomenon in regions where it would cause color distortion. The independent voltage control of each subpixel electrode allows local optimization of both side visibility and color accuracy in middle gray levels.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances side visibility by maintaining image quality comparable to front visibility, reducing luminance loss and color distortion, and improving contrast ratio and transmittance efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
The liquid crystal display generates an electric field in a liquid crystal layer by applying voltages to the field generating electrodes
Implementation Method 2
controls polarization of incident light through the generated electric field
Implementation Method 3
a vertical alignment (VA) mode LCD, which aligns LC molecules such that their long axes are perpendicular to the panels in the absence of an electric field
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display is provided. The display includes: gate lines applied with a gate signal; data lines applied with a data signal; reference voltage lines respectively applied with first and second reference voltage having different polarities; first, second, and third subpixel electrodes included in one pixel area; a first switching element connected to the first gate line, the first data line, and the first subpixel electrode; a second switching element connected to the first gate line, the first data line, and the second subpixel electrode; a third switching element connected to the first or second gate line, the first or second data line, and the third subpixel electrode; a fourth switching element connected to the first gate line, the first reference voltage line, and the first subpixel electrode; and a fifth switching element connected to the first gate line, the second reference voltage line, and the second subpixel electrode.