Liquid Crystal Display Sub-Pixel Voltage Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Vertical alignment type liquid crystal displays have high contrast ratios and wide viewing angles but suffer from low side visibility, especially at higher screen resolutions, due to limitations in pixel design and voltage distribution.
Innovation Solution
The liquid crystal display incorporates a substrate with multiple voltage divider reference lines and switching circuits that allow for differential voltage application to sub-pixels, enhancing side visibility by optimizing the layout and connection of gate and data lines, and using color filters with different wavelengths to improve gamma curves and visibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display is used, then contrast ratio and viewing angle are improved, but side visibility deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Each pixel is divided into two sub-pixels with different voltage applications. The first sub-pixel receives a higher voltage while the second sub-pixel receives a lower voltage, creating different permeability states that improve side visibility while maintaining the vertical alignment structure's contrast ratio advantages
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel (sub-pixels) are given different electrical properties through selective voltage application. The first sub-pixel electrode and second sub-pixel electrode receive different voltages to create local variations in liquid crystal alignment, enhancing side visibility without compromising overall contrast ratio
2Ease of operation
If two sub-pixels per pixel are implemented, then side visibility is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage divider reference lines are merged into the existing gate and data line structure. The first voltage divider reference line is formed on the same layer as gate lines, and the second voltage divider reference line is formed on a different layer, integrating voltage division functionality into the existing pixel architecture rather than adding separate complex structures
Solution Approach 2:
The gate lines and data lines serve multiple functions: they control the switching devices and simultaneously provide voltage division through the integrated voltage divider reference lines. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated voltage division structures, simplifying the overall device complexity
3Reliability
If switching devices and voltage divider reference lines are added, then voltage distribution is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage divider reference lines are nested within the existing gate and data line layers. The first voltage divider reference line is nested on the same layer as gate lines, and the second voltage divider reference line is nested on a different layer, allowing voltage division functionality to be embedded within the existing manufacturing structure without requiring additional independent fabrication steps
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves side visibility by reducing voltage drops and enhancing the alignment of liquid crystals, resulting in improved gamma curves and increased viewing angles without compromising the aperture ratio.
Implementation Method 1
In a vertical alignment type of liquid crystal display, long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are arranged at right angles with respect to upper and lower display plates when an electric field is not applied
Implementation Method 2
When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field is applied to control the alignment of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer and also the polarization of incident light
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display includes first and second voltage divider reference lines, first and second pixel electrodes, and first and second switching circuits. The first and second voltage divider reference lines are on different layers and extend in different directions. The first pixel electrode includes a first sub-pixel electrode and a second sub-pixel electrode, that receives a voltage lower than a voltage to be applied to the first sub-pixel electrode. The second pixel electrode includes a third sub-pixel electrode and a fourth sub-pixel electrode, that receives a voltage lower than a voltage to be applied to the third sub-pixel electrode. The first switching circuit is connected to the first voltage divider reference line, and the second switching circuit is connected to the second voltage divider reference line.