Via Hole Relocation in LCD Pixel Area for Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional MVA LCDs face issues with color shift and chroma deterioration due to varying transmittance at different view angles, and the solution of dividing pixel electrodes into sub-pixels decreases the aperture ratio due to light leakage from via holes.
Innovation Solution
The design includes a pixel area defined by intersecting scan and data lines with sub-pixel electrodes, where at least a portion of the via hole connecting an active element to a sub-pixel electrode is positioned outside the pixel area to increase the aperture ratio and prevent light leakage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the pixel electrode is divided into multiple independent sub-pixel electrodes to improve viewing angle and reduce color shift, then the viewing angle performance is improved, but the aperture ratio decreases due to via holes and patterned metal layers
Solution Approach 1:
The via hole is extracted from the pixel area and relocated to the non-pixel area, removing the source of light leakage from the visible display region. This allows the aperture ratio to increase while maintaining the multi-domain structure for wide viewing angle performance
Solution Approach 2:
The via hole position is moved from the two-dimensional pixel grid area to the surrounding non-pixel area, utilizing the unused space around the pixel to accommodate the connection structure. This spatial relocation resolves the conflict between needing via holes for sub-pixel control and maintaining high aperture ratio
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a patterned metal layer larger than the via hole is formed to prevent light leakage, then light leakage is prevented, but the aperture ratio of the pixel electrode decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The via hole is extracted from the pixel area and relocated to the non-pixel area, removing the source of light leakage from the visible display region. This eliminates the need for additional patterned metal layers within the pixel area, thereby maintaining a high aperture ratio
Solution Approach 2:
The non-pixel area, which is typically unused or dark region, is utilized to house the via hole structure. By converting this previously wasted space into a functional area for electrical connection, the design prevents light leakage without compromising the pixel's light transmission area
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves color accuracy and chroma retention while enhancing the aperture ratio by minimizing light leakage through strategic via hole placement.
Implementation Method 1
A multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal display (MVA LCD) is a common type of LCD with wide viewing angle. When different voltages are applied, the liquid crystal molecule may be tilted in various angles to make images that are observed by a user from different view angles has identical phase difference
Implementation Method 2
at least a portion of the first via hole is disposed out of the pixel area
Data Source
AI summary
An LCD comprises a first scan line, a second scan line, a first data line, a second data line, a pixel area, a first sub-pixel electrode and a first active element. The first scan line has a first sidewall; the second scan line has a second sidewall adjacent to the first sidewall; and the first data line has a third sidewall intersecting with the first sidewall and the second sidewall. The second data line has a fourth sidewall adjacent to the third sidewall. The pixel area is an area defined by the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the third sidewall and the fourth sidewall. The first sub-pixel is partially disposed in the pixel area. The first active element has a first electrode electrically connected to the first sub-pixel electrode through a first via hole, wherein a portion of the first via hole is disposed out of the pixel area.