LCOS Pixel Continuity Testing via Voltage Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing optical switches, particularly wavelength selector switches using liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) technology, face challenges in effectively testing the continuity of pixels, which is crucial for ensuring proper operation and signal routing, as current methods lack efficient and reliable testing mechanisms.

Innovation Solution

A pixel continuity testing method and system are introduced, involving a yank structure with up and down switches to couple pixels to voltage sources and a sensing amplifier to detect resultant voltages on wires, allowing for isolation and voltage sensing to assess pixel continuity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional testing methods are used for pixel continuity in LCOS ICs, then the existing testing mechanisms are simple, but the reliability of pixel continuity detection is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepixel continuity detection accuracyVSAvoidtesting structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The testing method segments the pixel array into individually testable units by applying voltages to specific pixel electrodes and measuring currents through corresponding readout electrodes. This allows continuous monitoring of each pixel's electrical state without testing the entire array simultaneously, improving detection accuracy while managing complexity through systematic division of the testing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention introduces sensing amplifiers as intermediary devices between the pixel electrodes and the measurement system. These amplifiers detect subtle voltage changes and current flows that indicate pixel continuity or failure, enabling reliable detection of pixel states without requiring direct complex measurement circuits for each pixel.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If no dedicated testing mechanism is implemented, then the device complexity is low, but the reliability of optical signal routing cannot be ensured

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptical signal routing reliabilityVSAvoidtesting mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The LCOS IC performs self-testing by utilizing its own pixel electrodes and readout electrodes to detect continuity issues. The system monitors its own electrical states through applied voltages and measured currents, enabling reliability verification without requiring external dedicated testing equipment, thus balancing reliability improvement with acceptable device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The testing mechanism implements continuous feedback by monitoring current flows through readout electrodes in response to applied voltages. When pixel continuity changes or failures occur, the electrical measurements provide immediate feedback about the pixel state, allowing real-time detection and reporting of reliability issues in the optical signal routing path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables reliable detection of pixel continuity, identifying damaged or non-functional pixels and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of optical signal routing in LCOS-based optical switches.

Implementation Method 1

enabling a sensing amplifier configured to sense voltage on the wire. The pixel is electrically connected to the wire and a resultant voltage on the wire is sensed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage sensing: Electric Field

Data Source

PatentEP2948939B1Pixel test in a liquid crystal on silicon chip
Publication Date: 2019.03.13 FINISAR CORP
  • EP2948939B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2948939B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2948939B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An example embodiment includes a continuity testing method of a pixel in a liquid crystal on silicon integrated circuit. The method includes writing a first voltage to a pixel. The pixel is isolated and a wire that is selectively coupled to the pixel is discharged. The method also includes enabling a sensing amplifier configured to sense voltage on the wire. The pixel is electrically coupled to the wire and a resultant voltage on the wire is sensed.