LDPC Base Graph Configuration for Variable-Rate Channel Coding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current communication systems face challenges in achieving high data throughput and reliability due to channel noise, fading, and inter-symbol interference, particularly in next-generation mobile communication and digital broadcasting systems.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a method and apparatus that supports variable length and rate LDPC codes for data channel transmission, including configuring a base graph of LDPC codes and segmenting transport blocks, to enhance coding efficiency and reliability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional channel coding schemes are used in next-generation communication systems, then implementation simplicity is maintained, but data throughput and reliability deteriorate due to channel noise, fading, and inter-symbol interference
Solution Approach 1:
The transport block is divided into multiple code blocks, each of which is independently encoded using LDPC codes. This segmentation allows the system to handle large data blocks efficiently while maintaining reliability through independent error correction for each segment, resolving the contradiction between handling large throughput and maintaining coding simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements variable-length LDPC codes with configurable code rates that can be dynamically adjusted based on channel conditions and service requirements. This dynamic adaptation enables the system to optimize between throughput and reliability by selecting appropriate code rates (e.g., 1/3 to 8/9) and block lengths, resolving the fixed-complexity versus variable-performance contradiction.
2Adaptability or versatility
If fixed-length coding schemes are used, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability to various service requirements deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs LDPC codes with variable block lengths and code rates as adjustable parameters. The encoder can select from multiple predefined base graphs and configure the coding parameters (block length, code rate, number of parity bits) according to specific service requirements such as eMBB, URLLC, or MTC, providing high adaptability without requiring fundamentally different coding schemes for each service type.
Solution Approach 2:
A single LDPC coding framework with configurable parameters serves multiple communication services and channel conditions. The same basic LDPC encoder structure can be adapted to different block lengths (e.g., 544 to 6688 bits) and code rates, making it a universal solution that handles various service requirements without needing separate specialized coders for each application.
3Productivity
If high code rates are used to increase data throughput, then productivity is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to increased susceptibility to channel noise and interference
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically selects code rates from a range (1/3 to 8/9) based on channel quality indicators and service requirements. When channel conditions are good, higher code rates (e.g., 7/8, 8/9) are selected to maximize throughput. When channel conditions deteriorate or reliability is prioritized, lower code rates (e.g., 1/3, 1/2, 2/3) provide stronger error correction. This dynamic rate adaptation resolves the fixed trade-off between throughput and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs link adaptation and code rate selection before actual data transmission based on predicted channel conditions and service requirements. The appropriate code rate and block length are predetermined and configured in advance, allowing the system to optimize the throughput-reliability trade-off proactively rather than reactively, ensuring both high productivity and adequate reliability are achieved from the outset.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a communication scheme for convergence of an IoT technology and a 5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate beyond a 4G system, and a system therefor. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart or connected cars, healthcare, digital education, retail businesses, security and security-related services, or the like) on the basis of a 5G communication technology and IoT-related technologies. The present invention provides a method for configuring a base graph of an LDPC code used for data channel transmission, and a method and an apparatus for segmentation of a transmission block by using an LDPC code.