LDPC Channel Coding for Variable 5G Block Sizes and Rates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current communication systems face challenges in supporting various input lengths and coding rates, particularly in high-speed digital communication systems like 5G, due to noise, fading, and inter-symbol interference, which degrade link performance and require advanced error-correcting codes for reliability.
Innovation Solution
The development of low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding/decoding methods and apparatuses that utilize a lifting technique and trapping set characteristics to design LDPC codes capable of supporting various lengths and coding rates, incorporating a channel encoding method at the transmitter and decoding method at the receiver, with a focus on circular shift values and permutation matrices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional error-correcting codes are used in 5G communication systems, then link performance is maintained under basic conditions, but reliability deteriorates significantly due to noise, fading, and inter-symbol interference in high-speed digital communication
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by utilizing lifting techniques to generate LDPC codes with variable lengths and coding rates. The lifting degree parameter is adjusted to create different code configurations that are optimized for specific channel conditions, enabling the system to adapt to varying noise and interference levels in 5G communication environments
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamics through configurable LDPC code designs that can adapt to different transmission scenarios. The system dynamically selects appropriate code lengths and coding rates based on channel conditions, allowing the error-correcting code to respond to changing noise and interference characteristics in real-time communication
2Device complexity
If LDPC codes with fixed length and rate are used, then encoding and decoding processes are simplified, but the system cannot support various input lengths and coding rates required by 5G communication standards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves universality through a unified LDPC code design framework that can generate codes with different lengths and rates using the same base structure and lifting technique. This multi-functional approach allows a single encoding/decoding apparatus to handle various input lengths and coding rates without requiring separate specialized components for each configuration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the LDPC code construction into modular components: a base matrix, lifting operations, and configurable parameters. This modular structure enables the system to generate diverse code configurations from standardized building blocks, balancing design simplicity with operational versatility
3Reliability
If dedicated LDPC codes are designed for short information word lengths (about 100 bits or less), then performance is optimized for specific cases, but the design becomes complex and cannot support various coding rates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by adjusting the lifting degree and base matrix configuration to optimize LDPC codes for short information word lengths. By systematically varying these parameters, the system achieves improved error correction performance for specific cases like 100-bit information words while maintaining a structured design approach that prevents excessive complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action through pre-designed base matrices and lifting degree selections that are optimized for specific information word lengths. These pre-configured parameters serve as starting points that reduce the complexity of designing dedicated codes for each specific case, while still allowing optimization for short lengths and various coding rates
Data Source
AI summary
A pre-5th-generation (pre-5G) or 5G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-generation (4G) communication system, such as long term evolution (LTE) is provided. A channel encoding method in a communication or broadcasting system includes identifying an input bit size, determining a block size (Z), determining a low density parity check (LDPC) sequence to perform LDPC encoding, and performing the LDPC encoding based on the LDPC sequence and the block size.