LDPC Channel Encoding for Variable 5G Block Lengths and Rates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current communication systems face challenges in supporting various input lengths and coding rates while maintaining high data throughput and reliability due to noise, fading, and inter-symbol interference, particularly in 5G networks.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves designing low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes using a lifting technique and trapping set characteristics to support various lengths and coding rates, with a channel encoding method that includes identifying a block size and shift value sequence for LDPC encoding and decoding, employing a permutation matrix for efficient encoding and decoding processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If LDPC codes are designed to support various input lengths and coding rates, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The LDPC code is segmented into information bits and parity bits with distinct structural roles. The encoding apparatus divides the code construction into matrix generation, information bit placement, and parity bit calculation stages, allowing independent optimization of each segment for different code rates and lengths
Solution Approach 2:
The LDPC encoding and decoding apparatus is designed with universal functionality to handle various input lengths and coding rates through configurable parameters. The same fundamental structure supports different code rates (e.g., 1/2, 2/3, 3/4) and block lengths by adjusting the parity bit count and matrix dimensions, eliminating the need for multiple dedicated hardware implementations
2Reliability
If error correction capability is enhanced to improve reliability, then data throughput may be reduced due to additional encoding and decoding overhead
Solution Approach 1:
The parity check matrix and its inverse are pre-calculated and stored in memory during system initialization. This preliminary action eliminates the need for real-time matrix inversion during data transmission, significantly reducing encoding overhead and improving data throughput while maintaining strong error correction capabilities through the pre-optimized matrix structure
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of performing complex real-time matrix operations during encoding and decoding, the system uses pre-computed copies of the parity check matrix and its inverse. This copying approach replaces computationally intensive operations with simple matrix-vector multiplications, enhancing error correction performance while minimizing processing delays and maximizing data throughput
Data Source
AI summary
A pre-5th-generation (pre-5G) or 5G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-generation (4G) communication system, such as long term evolution (LTE) is provided. A channel encoding method in a communication or broadcasting system includes identifying an input bit size, determining a block size (Z), determining a low density parity check (LDPC) sequence to perform LDPC encoding, and performing the LDPC encoding based on the LDPC sequence and the block size.