LDPC Channel Coding with Lifting for Variable 5G Code Rates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current communication systems, particularly 5G, face challenges in maintaining high data throughput and reliability due to noise, fading, and inter-symbol interference, necessitating improved error-correcting codes that can efficiently restore information and support various input lengths and coding rates.
Innovation Solution
The development of low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding/decoding methods and apparatuses that utilize a lifting technique and trapping set characteristics to design LDPC codes capable of supporting various lengths and coding rates, incorporating a channel encoding method at the transmitter and decoding method at the receiver, with a focus on circular shift values and permutation matrices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional error-correcting codes are used in 5G communication systems, then basic communication functionality is maintained, but the system cannot efficiently handle various input lengths and coding rates required for high data throughput and reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic LDPC code construction by using a base matrix combined with cyclic shift operations and lifting techniques. The code parameters (length, rate) can be dynamically adjusted by changing the lifting parameter and shift values, allowing the system to adapt to various input lengths and coding rates while maintaining error correction capability through the structured parity-check matrix design
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes key parameters of the LDPC code by modifying the lifting parameter M and cyclic shift values in the base matrix. By varying these parameters, the system can generate LDPC codes with different lengths and rates to match different communication requirements, while the underlying parity-check structure ensures reliable error correction across all parameter configurations
2Productivity
If LDPC codes with fixed parameters are used, then encoding and decoding can be performed efficiently, but the system cannot support variable input lengths and coding rates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal LDPC encoding framework based on a base matrix that can generate multiple code variants through cyclic shifts and lifting. This single base structure serves multiple functions by supporting various code lengths and rates, eliminating the need for separate fixed-parameter codes for each configuration while maintaining encoding efficiency through the regular structure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the LDPC code construction into a base matrix component and a lifting/expansion component. The base matrix contains the fundamental parity-check structure, while the lifting parameter M expands this base into full-size codes. This segmentation allows efficient encoding based on the compact base matrix while achieving variable lengths through the lifting process
3Adaptability or versatility
If advanced LDPC techniques with lifting and trapping sets are implemented, then support for various lengths and rates is achieved, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent manages complexity by systematically varying parameters (base matrix, lifting parameter M, cyclic shift values) rather than changing the fundamental code structure. This parameter-based approach allows flexible code generation while reusing the same efficient encoding/decoding algorithms, preventing exponential complexity growth despite supporting many code variants
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary construction of the base matrix and pre-determination of cyclic shift values during system design. These pre-computed parameters are then reused across different code configurations, avoiding the need for complex real-time calculations during encoding and decoding operations, thus reducing operational complexity while maintaining versatility
Data Source
AI summary
A pre-5th-generation (pre-5G) or 5G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-generation (4G) communication system, such as long term evolution (LTE) is provided. A channel encoding method in a communication or broadcasting system includes identifying an input bit size, determining a block size (Z), determining a low density parity check (LDPC) sequence to perform LDPC encoding, and performing the LDPC encoding based on the LDPC sequence and the block size.