LDPC Matrix Structure for Flexible Code Length and Rate

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing LDPC codes struggle to support flexible code length and rate requirements, limiting their applicability in various communication systems.

Innovation Solution

A novel LDPC matrix structure with specific submatrices A and B, along with optional submatrices C, D, and E, allows for flexible code length and rate adjustments through lifting factors Z and permutations, enabling efficient encoding and decoding of information sequences.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional LDPC codes are used, then error correction capability is provided, but flexible code length and rate requirements cannot be met

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecode length and rate flexibilityVSAvoidchannel transmission reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The LDPC matrix is divided into multiple submatrices (A, B, C, D, E) with specific structures. Submatrix A is a 5x22 matrix with specific column weights, submatrix B is a 5x5 matrix with bi-diagonal structure, and submatrices C, D, E are optional. This segmentation allows flexible configuration of code length and rate while maintaining reliable error correction through the structured submatrix design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If LDPC matrix with special structure is used, then throughput is improved, but code length and rate flexibility is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedecoding throughputVSAvoidcode length and rate adjustment flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The LDPC matrix structure incorporates optional submatrices C, D, and E that can be dynamically configured based on code length and rate requirements. The base matrix structure with submatrices A and B provides the foundation for high throughput, while the optional submatrices enable dynamic adaptation to different communication scenarios, achieving both high productivity and versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Reliability

If fixed LDPC matrix structure is used, then encoding and decoding performance is stable, but error floor cannot be reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveencoding and decoding performance stabilityVSAvoiderror floor
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The LDPC matrix employs local quality optimization through specifically designed submatrices. Submatrix A has columns with weights of 5, 4, and 3 to optimize local error correction capability. Submatrix B has a bi-diagonal structure with columns of weights 3, 2, and 1. These localized structural optimizations reduce the error floor while maintaining overall performance stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP4250571B1Encoding and decoding of an LDPC code
Publication Date: 2026.03.18 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP4250571B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4250571B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4250571B1 patent drawingFigure 3a

AI summary

This application discloses an encoding method, an apparatus, a communications device, and a communications system. The method includes: encoding an input bit sequence by using a low-density parity-check LDPC matrix, where a base graph of the LDPC matrix is represented by a matrix of m rows and n columns, m is an integer greater than or equal to 5, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 27; the base graph includes at least a submatrix A and a submatrix B; the submatrix A is a matrix of five rows and 22 columns; and the submatrix B is a matrix of five rows and five columns, and the submatrix B includes a column whose weight is 3 and a submatrix B' with a bidiagonal structure. According to the encoding method, the apparatus, the communications device, and the communications system in this application, encoding requirements of information bit sequences of a plurality of lengths can be supported.