LDPC Parity-Check Matrix Scaling for Variable Codeword Lengths

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing LDPC code technologies face challenges in supporting various input lengths and coding rates, particularly in mobile communication systems, due to limitations in designing parity-check matrices that can efficiently handle variable lengths and rates.

Innovation Solution

The development of a method and apparatus for low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding/decoding that utilizes a designed parity-check matrix to support various codeword lengths and coding rates, employing a changed lifting process to optimize the parity-check matrix design, allowing for efficient encoding and decoding of variable-length and variable-rate LDPC codes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a fixed parity-check matrix design is used for LDPC coding, then the encoding/decoding process is simple, but the system cannot support various input lengths and coding rates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesupport for various input lengths and coding ratesVSAvoidparity-check matrix design complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the lifting value Z variable rather than fixed. The lifting value Z determines the size of circulant permutation matrices in the parity-check matrix, and by allowing Z to change, the system can support various codeword lengths and coding rates. This dynamic adjustment enables the LDPC code to adapt to different transmission requirements while maintaining a systematic design approach based on circulant matrices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter Z (lifting value) to support various input lengths and coding rates. By modifying this key parameter in the parity-check matrix construction, the system can generate different code lengths and rates from a unified design framework. This parameter change approach allows flexible adaptation without redesigning the entire parity-check matrix structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If the lifting value Z is fixed in the parity-check matrix design, then the matrix structure is simple, but various codeword lengths cannot be supported

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesupport for various codeword lengthsVSAvoidparity-check matrix structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the lifting value Z dynamic rather than fixed. By allowing Z to vary, the circulant permutation matrices in the parity-check matrix can change size, enabling support for various codeword lengths. This dynamic approach maintains structural regularity while achieving flexibility in code length adaptation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a universal parity-check matrix design that can serve multiple functions by changing the lifting value Z. A single design framework based on circulant matrices with variable Z can generate LDPC codes with different lengths and rates, making the system multi-functional without requiring separate designs for each code configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If LDPC codes are designed to support variable lengths and rates, then communication flexibility improves, but error correction performance may deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevariable length and rate supportVSAvoiderror correction performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent carefully manages parameter changes by modifying only the lifting value Z while maintaining the circulant matrix structure. This controlled parameter change allows variable length and rate support while preserving the mathematical properties that ensure good error correction performance. The systematic approach to parameter modification prevents performance deterioration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the parity-check matrix into circulant permutation matrices and zero matrices in a systematic pattern. This segmentation approach allows flexible adjustment of code length and rate by changing Z, while the regular structure maintains good error correction properties. The segmented design enables independent optimization of different matrix blocks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP3378164B1Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding channel in communication or broadcasting system
Publication Date: 2022.04.27 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
  • EP3378164B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3378164B1 patent drawingFigure 4
  • EP3378164B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The present invention related to a 5G or pre-5G communication system to be provided to support a higher data transmission rate since 4G communication systems like LTE. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for encoding a channel in a communication or broadcasting system supporting parity-check matrices having various sizes are provided. The method for encoding a channel includes determining a block size of the parity-check matrix; reading a sequence for generating the parity-check matrix, and transforming the sequence by applying a previously defined operation to the sequence based on the determined block size.