5G Channel Coding with LDPC Segmentation for Variable Block Sizes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Next-generation wireless communication systems face challenges in maintaining high data throughput and reliability due to noise, fading, and inter-symbol interference, particularly in 5G and IoT environments, where existing error correcting codes are insufficient for variable length and rate requirements.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a method and apparatus that uses Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes for data channel transmission, allowing for variable coding rates and lengths, and segments transport blocks and uplink control information into multiple polar code blocks for efficient channel coding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing error correcting codes are used in next-generation wireless communication systems, then the system can maintain basic data transmission, but the reliability and error correction capability are insufficient for variable length and rate requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments transport blocks into multiple code blocks for independent encoding and processing. Each code block can be independently coded with appropriate LDPC codes, allowing flexible adaptation to different length and rate requirements while maintaining high reliability through distributed error correction across segments
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic coding rate adjustment by selecting different LDPC code configurations (base graphs, mother codes) based on channel conditions and service requirements. The system can dynamically vary coding rates and code lengths to optimize reliability for each transmission scenario, making the error correction capability adaptive rather than fixed
2Adaptability or versatility
If LDPC codes with variable coding rates and lengths are implemented, then adaptability to different service requirements is improved, but the complexity of code configuration and selection increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-configures multiple LDPC code families and base graphs with different parameters (code rates, block lengths) before transmission. The transmitter and receiver both have pre-stored codebooks containing these configurations, allowing rapid selection without real-time computation. This preliminary preparation reduces the complexity of runtime code configuration while maintaining variable length and rate support
Solution Approach 2:
The patent systematically varies key LDPC code parameters (mother code length, coding rate, base graph configuration) to create a family of codes that can adapt to different service requirements. By organizing codes according to parameter families, the system manages complexity through structured parameter variation rather than arbitrary code selection
3Productivity
If transport blocks are segmented into multiple polar code blocks for channel coding, then error correction efficiency is improved, but the processing time and computational overhead increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments transport blocks into multiple smaller code blocks that can be independently encoded and decoded in parallel. This segmentation improves error correction efficiency by limiting the propagation of errors and enabling independent processing of each segment. The parallel processing capability of segmented blocks reduces overall processing time compared to encoding/decoding one large block sequentially
Solution Approach 2:
Each segmented code block is independently encoded and decoded without requiring complex inter-block coordination. The segmentation enables self-contained error correction units that can operate autonomously, reducing the computational overhead associated with managing large-scale unified code structures and minimizing processing time through decentralized error correction
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology; such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method by a terminal, a method by a base station, a terminal, and a base station in a wireless communication system are provided. The method by the terminal includes receiving from a base station downlink control information including modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information; identifying a first transport block size based on the downlink control information; and identifying a second transport block size based on the first transport block size and a transport block size candidate set, wherein the transport block size candidate set includes elements having an interval of a multiple of 8.