Lead-Acid Battery Monitoring for SoC and SoF Failure Prediction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Batteries, particularly lead-acid batteries, often degrade over time without providing real-time information on their health, leading to unexpected failures and a lack of predictive maintenance capabilities.

Innovation Solution

A battery management system (BMS) that determines and communicates parameters such as state of function (SoF) and state of charge (SoC) by analyzing cell characteristics, voltages, impedances, and currents, using protocols like CAN to inform users about battery health and suggest preventive actions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional batteries are used without monitoring systems, then device simplicity is maintained, but battery reliability and predictability deteriorate due to sudden failures without warning

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebattery reliabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The battery management system enables the battery to self-monitor its own health parameters (voltage, current, temperature, impedance) and self-diagnose its condition through algorithms that calculate state of charge, state of health, and predict remaining useful life without requiring external intervention or complex additional hardware

Inventive Principle:

Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors battery parameters and provides real-time feedback about battery health status, state of charge, and predicted failures to the user through warnings and notifications, enabling proactive maintenance decisions before catastrophic failure occurs

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

2Loss of information

If real-time battery monitoring is implemented, then loss of information about battery health is eliminated, but device complexity increases due to additional sensors and processing requirements

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebattery health informationVSAvoidmonitoring system complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The battery management system performs multiple functions using a single integrated platform: it monitors voltage, current, and temperature; calculates state of charge and state of health; predicts remaining useful life; and provides user warnings and maintenance recommendations, eliminating the need for separate specialized systems for each function

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system replaces physical mechanical monitoring devices with electronic sensors and digital processing algorithms that measure electrical parameters (voltage, current, impedance) and use computational methods to assess battery health, providing more precise and versatile monitoring capability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Data Source

PatentUS20250343283A1Smart battery management

Publication Date: 2025.11.06 CPS TECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS LLC

AI summary

A battery management system (BMS) electrically connectable to a lead-acid battery having one or more cells is described. The BMS includes processing circuitry configured to determine one or both of a state of function (SoF) and a state of charge (SoC) based on one or more parameters. The one or more parameters include at least one parameter associated with the one or more cells of the lead-acid battery. One or more actions are performed based on the determination.