Lead-Acid Battery Negative Electrode Density and Separator Rib Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lead-acid batteries face challenges in maintaining capacity retention ratio due to stratification of electrolyte solution, which is exacerbated by low negative electrode material density leading to gas stagnation and reduced effective plate area.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a negative electrode material with a density of 3.5 g/cm³ or less and an organic expander other than lignin, along with a separator having ribs on both sides to suppress expansion and enhance gas transfer.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the negative electrode material density is reduced to increase lead utilization factor, then the amount of lead used decreases, but gas stagnation becomes severe causing electrolyte solution stratification and reduced effective plate area
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the negative electrode material density to 3.5 g/cm³ or less, which is a specific parameter change that balances lead utilization with structural integrity. This density parameter prevents excessive expansion while maintaining high lead content, thereby resolving the contradiction between reducing lead amount and maintaining capacity retention.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite negative electrode material comprising spongy lead, organic expander, and binder. This composite structure allows the material to achieve low density (3.5 g/cm³ or less) while maintaining mechanical strength and preventing gas stagnation, thus resolving the contradiction between low lead content and high reliability.
2Stability of the object's composition
If gas is generated by overcharging to cause electrolyte solution flow and suppress stratification, then stratification is reduced, but this method is ineffective when negative electrode material density is reduced due to severe gas stagnation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the density parameter of the negative electrode material to 3.5 g/cm³ or less, which fundamentally alters the gas flow dynamics within the battery. This parameter change prevents gas stagnation at the source, making the electrolyte solution composition stable without relying on overcharging-induced gas flow.
3Quantity of substance
If the negative electrode material density is reduced, then lead utilization factor increases, but expansion of the negative electrode material becomes severe due to repeated charge-discharge
Solution Approach 1:
The patent sets the negative electrode material density to 3.5 g/cm³ or less, which is an optimized parameter that allows high lead utilization while maintaining structural stability. This specific density value prevents severe expansion during repeated charge-discharge cycles while maximizing lead content.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite material system with spongy lead, organic expander, and binder in specific proportions. This composite structure provides mechanical support that constrains expansion while maintaining low density and high lead utilization factor, resolving the contradiction between these two properties.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration significantly improves capacity retention ratio and low-temperature high-rate discharge performance by reducing gas stagnation and stratification, maintaining performance over multiple charge-discharge cycles.
Implementation Method 1
Incorporating a negative electrode material with a density of 3.5 g/cm³ or less and an organic expander other than lignin, along with a separator having ribs on both sides to suppress expansion
Implementation Method 2
a separator having ribs on both sides to suppress expansion and enhance gas transfer
Implementation Method 3
Lead-acid batteries are used in various applications such as an in-vehicle application and an industrial application. The lead-acid battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte solution.
Implementation Method 4
gas is generated by overcharging the lead-acid battery, and the gas causes the electrolyte solution to flow
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 3~4
AI summary
A lead-acid battery including a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, an electrolyte solution, a separator interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, in which the negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material, the negative electrode material has a density of 3.5 g/cm3 or less, the negative electrode material contains an organic condensate, and the separator has a first rib on a first surface on a positive electrode plate side and a second rib on a second surface on a negative electrode plate side.