Porous Lead-Acid Electrode Plate for Sulfate Crystal Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lead-acid batteries face issues with lead sulfate crystallization and dendrite growth due to insufficient air permeability and uneven sulfuric acid concentration, leading to short circuits and reduced lifespan.
Innovation Solution
The use of non-metallic sheet materials with a porous structure, comprising interwoven layers of electrical conductive and corrosion-resistant fibers, enhances air permeability and maintains electrolyte concentration uniformity, preventing dendrite growth and improving formation efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional lead paste paper is used to cover the electrode plate surface, then the electrode plate is protected from sticking to other components, but air permeability is insufficient causing gas and heat accumulation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional lead paste paper with a non-metallic sheet material having a porous structure. This porous material allows gas and heat to pass through freely while still providing the necessary protection, eliminating the harmful accumulation effect that occurs with conventional materials.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite structure combining the non-metallic sheet material with porous characteristics. This composite approach provides both the protective function and the air permeability needed to prevent gas and heat accumulation, resolving the contradiction between protection and ventilation.
2Quantity of substance
If the electrode plate size is increased for high capacity batteries, then battery capacity is improved, but concentration equilibrium of sulfuric acid solution becomes difficult to achieve
Solution Approach 1:
The porous non-metallic sheet material facilitates enhanced mass transfer and convection of sulfuric acid solution across the electrode plate surface. This porous structure allows the electrolyte to reach the central area more effectively, maintaining concentration uniformity even in large-sized high-capacity batteries.
3Productivity
If aqueous sulfuric acid solution is used for electrode plate manufacturing, then electrochemical reactions occur, but lead sulfate crystallization and dendrite growth occur in central area
Solution Approach 1:
The porous non-metallic sheet material prevents lead sulfate crystallization and dendrite growth by allowing uniform distribution of sulfuric acid solution and facilitating gas escape. This eliminates the concentration gradients that lead to harmful crystallization in the central area while maintaining formation efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the harmful effect of gas accumulation during electrochemical reactions into a beneficial outcome by using the porous material to channel gas escape. This prevents the conditions that lead to dendrite formation while maintaining the necessary electrochemical reactions for battery formation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively ventilates gases, reduces dendrite formation, and maintains electrolyte concentration, prolonging battery lifespan and enhancing formation efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the non-metallic sheet material has a porous structure to be air-permeable channels
Implementation Method 2
gas and heat produced in chemical reaction between the aqueous sulfuric acid solution and the electrode plate
Implementation Method 3
the aqueous sulfuric acid solution in central area of the electrode plate to reach an equilibrium in terms of concentration with the aqueous sulfuric acid solution in the surrounding area through convective diffusion
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 1C~1D
Figure 2A~2F
AI summary
The present invention discloses a lead-acid battery electrode plate for preventing lead-acid battery from lead (II) sulfate crystal growth piercing and enhancing the battery formation efficiency. The lead-acid battery electrode plate comprises an electricity collector layer as an electric current channel, and two air permeable layers respectively placed on both sides of the electricity collector layer, wherein non-metallic sheet materials having porous structures are used as air-permeable channel of the air-permeable layers, and the first air-permeable layer is the same as or different from the second air-permeable layer.