Lead Alloy Electrode Grid Lattice Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lead-acid battery electrode grid alloys face issues with mechanical stability, corrosion resistance, and lattice growth, leading to capacity losses and reduced service life due to the 'aging' of the electrode material.
Innovation Solution
A lead alloy with a combination of lead, lanthanum, and other elements like calcium, tin, silver, bismuth, and aluminum, where lanthanum is used in specific proportions to refine grain sizes and inhibit lattice growth, enhancing mechanical stability and corrosion resistance while allowing for easy processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If lead-calcium-antimony alloys are used to provide mechanical stability, then the alloy has good mechanical strength, but antimony precipitates on the negative plate causing increased water loss and sulfation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces antimony with calcium and adds lanthanide elements (0.003-0.006% by weight) to change the chemical composition parameters. This substitution eliminates antimony precipitation while maintaining mechanical stability through the synergistic effect of calcium and lanthanide elements on the alloy structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite lead alloy system containing lead, calcium (0.03-0.07% by weight), and lanthanide elements. This composite material combines the mechanical stability benefits of calcium with the grain-refining and stability-enhancing properties of lanthanides to achieve both strength and resistance to harmful effects.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If lead-calcium-cerium alloys are used to replace antimony for mechanical stability, then antimony precipitation is prevented, but the alloy tends to grow grids during operation causing capacity losses
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the lanthanide content to a specific range (0.003-0.006% by weight) to counteract the lattice growth tendency. This precise parameter control allows the lanthanide to strengthen the crystal lattice and inhibit grid growth while maintaining the antimony-free composition benefits.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces lanthanide elements that locally refine the grain structure and strengthen specific regions of the alloy lattice. This local quality enhancement prevents grid growth at critical locations while maintaining overall alloy performance and calcium's beneficial effects.
3Stability of the object's composition
If higher lanthanide proportions are used to inhibit lattice growth, then grid stability improves, but manufacturing cost increases and processing becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent identifies an optimal lanthanide concentration range (0.003-0.006% by weight) that provides sufficient lattice growth inhibition while minimizing manufacturing complexity and cost. This parameter optimization balances performance requirements with economic and processing considerations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a small but sufficient amount of lanthanide (0.003-0.006% by weight) to achieve the desired lattice stabilization effect. This partial action approach avoids the need for excessive lanthanide additions, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and processing difficulty while still obtaining the necessary grid stability.
4Ease of manufacture
If coarse-grained lattices are used to simplify manufacturing, then processing becomes easier, but corrosion resistance decreases due to deep penetration at grain boundaries
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces lanthanide elements that change the grain structure parameters, promoting fine-grained rather than coarse-grained lattices. This parameter change in microstructure achieves improved corrosion resistance through refined grain boundaries while maintaining manufacturability through the controlled addition of only 0.003-0.006% lanthanide.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The alloy reduces lattice growth, improves corrosion resistance, and extends the service life of lead-acid battery electrodes by maintaining mechanical stability and conductivity, leading to improved charging/discharging behavior and longer battery life.
Implementation Method 1
The alloy component cerium, on the other hand, serves to improve the corrosion properties by refining the grain sizes.
Implementation Method 2
The lead alloy must therefore also be corrosion-resistant in addition to the aforementioned properties.
Implementation Method 3
the lead alloy must have comparatively good mechanical stability in order to be able to carry both its own comparatively high weight and the weight of the electrode mass
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a lead alloy, in particular an electrode lattice alloy, consisting of: wherein the sum of all weight fractions of the alloy components in the lead alloy is 100 wt.%. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the lead alloys according to the invention, an electrode with an electrode framework which is at least partially formed from at least one of the lead alloys according to the invention, and a lead-acid battery with an electrode according to the invention.