Lead-Acid Battery Negative Electrode Polymer for Overcharge Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lead-acid batteries face issues such as corrosion of the positive electrode current collector and electrolyte solution reduction due to overcharge, which shorten their lifespan.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a negative electrode material with a polymer compound having a specific chemical shift of 3.2 ppm to 3.8 ppm in the 1H-NMR spectrum and a repeating structure of oxy C2-4 alkylene units, which increases hydrogen overvoltage and inhibits hydrogen generation during overcharge, thereby reducing the amount of overcharge and suppressing electrolyte loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If overcharge protection measures are taken, then battery life is improved, but charge acceptability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the negative electrode material by incorporating polymer compounds with specific molecular structures (oxy C2-4 alkylene units) and controlling the content of these polymers to achieve optimal balance between overcharge protection and charge acceptance. This involves adjusting the chemical shift characteristics in the 1H-NMR spectrum to specific ranges (3.2-3.8 ppm) to optimize performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite negative electrode material by combining traditional lead-based materials with polymer compounds having specific chemical structures. This composite structure allows the material to simultaneously provide overcharge protection through hydrogen overvoltage increase while maintaining charge acceptability through controlled polymer content and distribution.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If polymer compound is added to reduce overcharge, then hydrogen generation is suppressed, but low-temperature high-rate discharge performance may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the molecular weight, chemical structure, and concentration parameters of the polymer compound to achieve the desired balance. By controlling the chemical shift characteristics (3.2-3.8 ppm in 1H-NMR) and specifying oxy C2-4 alkylene unit structures, the patent fine-tunes the polymer's interaction with the electrode material to suppress hydrogen generation while maintaining discharge performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies the polymer compound locally to specific regions of the negative electrode material where it can most effectively suppress hydrogen generation during overcharge, while maintaining the overall structural integrity and electrochemical properties necessary for low-temperature high-rate discharge performance. This localized application allows selective modification of electrode properties.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The polymer compound effectively reduces overcharge, maintains charge acceptability, and prevents deterioration of low-temperature high-rate discharge performance, thus prolonging the battery's life.
Implementation Method 1
the polymer compound can be present near lead, and an effect of the polymer compound can be effectively exhibited. With such a configuration, a hydrogen overvoltage in the negative electrode plate can be increased, so that an amount of overcharge can be reduced.
Implementation Method 2
it is considered that when the polymer compound is contained in the negative electrode material, the polymer compound can be present near lead, whereby a high adsorption action of the oxy C2-4 alkylene unit on lead is exerted.
Data Source
AI summary
A lead-acid battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte solution. The negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode material. The negative electrode material contains a polymer compound. The polymer compound has a peak in a range of 3.2 ppm or more and 3.8 ppm or less in a chemical shift of 1H-NMR spectrum, or the negative electrode material contains a polymer compound having a repeating structure of oxy C2-4 alkylene units.