Tin-Alloy Cable Joint Barrier for Lead-Free Moisture Sealing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional power cables use lead as a radial water barrier, which is toxic and environmentally harmful, necessitating the development of alternative materials for cable joints that maintain mechanical and electrical properties while avoiding increased outer diameters and environmental issues.

Innovation Solution

The use of tin or tin alloys as the water barrier material in cable joints, which can be in the form of welded, extruded, or laminate structures, and are joined to existing water barriers using welding, soldering, or adhesives, with reinforcement layers for added stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If lead is used as water barrier material, then effective moisture protection is achieved, but toxicity and environmental harm occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture protectionVSAvoidtoxicity and environmental harm
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameter from lead to tin or tin alloys, maintaining the protective function while eliminating toxicity. Tin provides similar malleability and water barrier properties without the environmental harm of lead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses tin alloys (such as Sn-Cu, Sn-Sb, or Sn-Bi) instead of pure tin or lead, combining multiple metals to achieve optimal balance of malleability, strength, and environmental compatibility for water barrier applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-generated harmful factors

If alternative materials replace lead, then environmental issues are resolved, but mechanical and electrical properties may deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental compatibilityVSAvoidmechanical and electrical properties
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent carefully selects tin alloy compositions and processing parameters to match the mechanical properties of lead, ensuring equivalent reliability in cable joint applications while maintaining environmental compatibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent ensures homogeneous material properties throughout the water barrier layer by controlling alloy composition and processing, maintaining consistent mechanical and electrical performance across the cable assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

3Adaptability or versatility

If cable sections are joined by means of a joint, then cable assembly is enabled, but the joint may become a weak link with different mechanical and electrical properties

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecable assembly capabilityVSAvoidjoint strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses the same tin or tin alloy material for both the water barrier layers of cable sections and the joint water barrier, ensuring homogeneous properties throughout the entire assembly and eliminating the joint as a weak link with different characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Solution Approach 2:

The patent integrates the joint water barrier seamlessly with the cable section water barriers using welding, soldering, or adhesive bonding, creating a continuous protective barrier that maintains uniform mechanical and electrical properties across the entire cable assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Ease of manufacture

If joint water barrier uses different material than cable sections, then manufacturing flexibility is improved, but material compatibility and bonding reliability may worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing flexibilityVSAvoidmaterial compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent recommends using the same material for joint and cable section water barriers to ensure compatibility and reliable bonding, while still allowing manufacturing flexibility through the choice of joining methods (welding, soldering, or adhesive).

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides a non-toxic, environmentally friendly water barrier that maintains the mechanical and electrical integrity of power cables, ensuring effective moisture protection without increasing the joint's outer diameter, suitable for both land and submarine applications.

Implementation Method 1

the joint water barrier is joined to the first water barrier and to the second water barrier by welding, soldering or by an adhesive

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWelding: Welding

Implementation Method 2

the joint water barrier is joined to the first water barrier and to the second water barrier by welding, soldering or by an adhesive

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSoldering: Soldering

Data Source

PatentEP4262037A1A power cable with a cable joint water barrier made of tin or tin alloy
Publication Date: 2023.10.18 NEXANS SA
  • EP4262037A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4262037A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4b
  • EP4262037A1 patent drawingFigure 4c~4d

AI summary

The present invention relates to power cables comprising a joint with a metallic water barrier and in particular, metallic water barrier materials for cable joints for use in high voltage cables for both land and submarine applications.