Lead-Free Piezoelectric Composition With Template-Oriented Crystals
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Solution Overview
Problem
Pb(Zr,Ti)O3-based piezoelectric materials pose environmental pollution risks due to lead volatility during sintering, necessitating the development of lead-free piezoelectric materials with high piezoelectric properties.
Innovation Solution
A composition of (1−y)(NaaK1-a)(Nb1-x,Sbx)−ySrZrO3+n mol % CuO is formulated, where 0.01≤y≤0.10, 0.4≤a≤0.6, 0≤x≤0.06, and 0.5≤n≤1.5, and a method involving weighing, mixing, forming, and sintering is employed to create a piezoelectric device with oriented crystals using a template.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If Pb(Zr,Ti)O3-based piezoelectric materials are used, then high piezoelectric properties are achieved, but environmental pollution occurs due to lead volatility during sintering
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by completely eliminating lead (Pb) from the piezoelectric material system. It adopts a new compositional formula (1-y)(NaaK1-a)(Nb1-x,Sbx)−ySrZrO3+n mol % CuO, where the parameters a, x, y, and n are optimized to achieve high piezoelectric properties without lead, thereby resolving the environmental pollution issue while maintaining performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite piezoelectric material system combining multiple elements (Na, K, Nb, Sb, Sr, Zr, Cu, O) in a perovskite-based structure. This composite approach allows the material to achieve high piezoelectric properties through synergistic effects of different elements while avoiding the use of toxic lead, thus resolving the contradiction between performance and environmental safety
2Object-generated harmful factors
If lead-free piezoelectric materials are developed, then environmental pollution is reduced, but piezoelectric properties may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent systematically optimizes compositional parameters (a, x, y, n in the formula) to maximize piezoelectric properties in lead-free materials. By adjusting these parameters within specific ranges, the material achieves high piezoelectric performance comparable to or exceeding traditional lead-based materials, thereby eliminating the performance compromise associated with lead-free development
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces localized doping of Sb at Nb sites and optimizes the distribution of Na, K, Sr, and Zr elements within the crystal structure. This local quality optimization enhances the piezoelectric response at specific crystallographic sites, enabling high overall performance in the lead-free material system
3Reliability
If crystals are oriented using a template, then piezoelectric properties are improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates crystal orientation functionality directly into the slurry formulation by adding template particles before sintering. This preliminary action allows the templates to self-assemble and orient crystals during the sintering process itself, eliminating the need for separate post-sintering orientation steps and reducing overall manufacturing complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses template particles as intermediary agents that mediate between the slurry components and the final crystal structure. These templates provide nucleation sites and growth guidance for the piezoelectric crystals, enabling controlled orientation without requiring complex external alignment equipment or multi-step processing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves high piezoelectric properties without lead, enhancing environmental safety and performance through controlled crystal orientation and composition adjustments.
Implementation Method 1
Piezoelectric materials are widely used as materials for ultrasonic vibrators, electromechanical transducers, and actuator components
Implementation Method 2
capable of improving piezoelectric properties by orienting crystals using a template
Implementation Method 3
sintering the molded body to prepare a sintered body
Data Source
AI summary
Compositions are disclosed that comprise a piezoelectric material according to Chemical Formula 1: (1−y)(NaaK1-a)(Nb1-x,Sbx)−ySrZrO3+n mol % CuO, wherein 0.01≤y≤0.10, 0.4≤a≤0.6, 0≤x≤0.06, and 0.5≤n≤1.5. The compositions can further comprise a first material, and a second material surrounded by the first material. A piezoelectric device is also described, which includes a piezoelectric device layer including a composition of Chemical Formula 1, and having a first material layer and a second material layer surrounded by the first material layer; a first electrode part disposed on a first surface of the piezoelectric device layer; and a second electrode part disposed on a second surface facing the first surface.