Lead-Free Piezoelectric Material Composition for High Insulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing piezoelectric materials face challenges in achieving a balance between high piezoelectric performance and mechanical quality factor, particularly in sodium niobate and barium titanate (NN-BT) compositions, which often result in low insulation resistance and reduced polarization.
Innovation Solution
A lead-free and potassium-free piezoelectric material is developed, comprising a perovskite-type metal oxide with specific compositions of sodium, barium, niobium, titanium, zinc, magnesium, and manganese, optimized to enhance piezoelectric constants and mechanical quality factors while maintaining satisfactory insulation properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If cobalt is added to increase piezoelectric constant, then piezoelectric performance is improved, but insulation resistance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The invention removes cobalt from the piezoelectric material composition to eliminate the harmful effect of deteriorated insulation resistance while maintaining lead-free and potassium-free formulation. This extraction of the problematic element resolves the contradiction by sacrificing some piezoelectric enhancement in exchange for significantly improved insulation properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention optimizes the compositional parameters of the perovskite-type metal oxide by precisely controlling the ratios of sodium, barium, niobium, and titanium within specific ranges. This parameter optimization achieves satisfactory piezoelectric performance without requiring cobalt addition, thereby maintaining high insulation resistance.
2Reliability
If barium titanate concentration is increased to improve piezoelectric constant, then piezoelectric performance is improved, but mechanical quality factor decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes the barium titanate concentration within a specific range (9% to 11% as disclosed in PTL 1, but improved in this invention) and balances it with precise control of sodium niobate content and stoichiometric ratios. This parameter optimization achieves a balance point where both piezoelectric constant and mechanical quality factor are satisfactory simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite perovskite structure combining sodium niobate and barium titanate in optimized proportions, along with other elements, to achieve synergistic effects that simultaneously improve piezoelectric constant and mechanical quality factor, resolving the trade-off between these two properties.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If lead-free and potassium-free composition is used, then environmental compatibility is improved, but achieving high piezoelectric performance and mechanical quality factor simultaneously becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The invention develops a multi-element composite perovskite-type metal oxide containing sodium, barium, niobium, titanium, and other elements in specific ratios. This composite formulation achieves high piezoelectric performance and mechanical quality factor simultaneously without using lead or potassium, thus maintaining environmental compatibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention optimizes the compositional parameters including the ratios of A-site elements (sodium, barium) and B-site elements (niobium, titanium) within specific ranges to achieve satisfactory piezoelectric performance in a lead-free, potassium-free system, resolving the difficulty of achieving high performance without toxic elements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The material achieves high piezoelectric constants and mechanical quality factors, along with improved insulation properties, making it suitable for various applications without environmental concerns associated with lead and potassium.
Implementation Method 1
Piezoelectric materials are generally ABO3 perovskite-type metal oxides such as lead zirconate titanate (hereinafter referred to as 'PZT')
Implementation Method 2
The piezoelectric material according to aspects of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems includes a main component containing a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by Formula (1), a Zn component, a Mg component, and a Mn component
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
The disclosed piezoelectric material includes a perovskite-type metal oxide (NaxBa1-y)(NbyTi1-y)O3, where 0.83≦x≦0.95, 0.85≦y≦0.95, 0.95≦x/y≦1.05, as a main component, Zn, and Mg. The Zn content is between 0.5 and 5 mol% and the Mg content is between 0.1 and 2 mol% based on the perovskite-type metal oxide.