Lead Storage Battery Electrode Design for Start-Stop Systems
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lead storage batteries used in micro-hybrid and start-stop systems experience reduced charge acceptability and low-temperature high-rate discharge performance due to partial state of charge (PSOC), leading to sulfation, electrode degradation, and reduced battery life.
Innovation Solution
A lead storage battery design featuring a positive electrode with β-PbO2 and α-PbO2, and a negative electrode containing an organic compound with a sulfone or sulfonate group, with a specific surface area of 10 m²/g or more and a mass ratio of α-PbO2/β-PbO2 in the X-ray diffraction pattern of 0.4 or less, along with a bisphenol-based resin as an additive.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the lead storage battery is used in a partially charged state (PSOC) to improve fuel consumption in micro-hybrid and start-stop vehicles, then the battery can support frequent engine starting cycles, but the charge acceptability deteriorates and sulfation occurs leading to reduced battery life
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrodes by incorporating specific organic compounds (sulfone or sulfonate groups) into the negative electrode material and controlling the α-PbO2/β-PbO2 ratio in the positive electrode. These parameter changes enable the battery to maintain reliability in PSOC conditions by preventing sulfation while supporting frequent charge-discharge cycles
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite electrode materials combining traditional lead-based compounds with organic compounds containing sulfone or sulfonate groups. This composite approach creates a synergistic effect where the organic compounds prevent sulfation and improve charge acceptability while the lead-based materials provide the necessary electrochemical performance for engine starting
2Reliability
If the specific surface area of the positive electrode material is increased to improve charge acceptability, then the battery can accept charge faster in PSOC conditions, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies a quantitative parameter range for the specific surface area (10-50 m²/g) and the α-PbO2/β-PbO2 ratio (0.4 or less). By defining clear parameter ranges rather than requiring complex processing techniques, the patent achieves improved charge acceptability while maintaining manufacturing feasibility
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery achieves excellent charge acceptability and low-temperature high-rate discharge performance, maintaining a stable state of charge and extending the battery's cycle life, suitable for micro-hybrid and start-stop systems.
Implementation Method 1
it has become an extremely important problem for the latest lead storage battery to improve charge acceptability... the specific surface area of the positive electrode material is 10 m 2/g or more
Implementation Method 2
when the lead storage battery is used in a state of being completely charged, the agitation of the electrolytic solution is performed by gas generation (gassing) in the end stage of the charging
Implementation Method 3
a negative electrode material containing an organic compound having at least one selected from the group consisting of a sulfone group and a sulfonate group... the sulfation occurs
Implementation Method 4
the mass ratio of α-PbO 2 /β-PbO 2 in the X-ray diffraction pattern of the positive electrode material is 0.4 or less
Data Source
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AI summary
A lead storage battery of the present disclosure comprises: a positive electrode having a positive electrode material containing β-PbO2 and α-PbO2; a negative electrode having a negative electrode material containing an organic compound having at least one selected from the group consisting of a sulfone group and a sulfonate group, wherein the specific surface area of the positive electrode material is 10 m2/g or more, and the ratio (α-PbO2/β-PbO2) between peak intensities of β-PbO2 and α-PbO2 in an X-ray diffraction pattern in the positive electrode material is 0.4 or less.