LED Current Spreading Layer with Metal Nanomaterials

The patent applies composite materials by combining ITO with metal nanomaterial groups (such as Al, Mg, Ga oxides) to create a composite current spreading layer. This composite structure maintains the high visible light transmittance of ITO while introducing materials with refractive indices better matched to epoxy resin, thereby improving light extraction efficiency without sacrificing transmittance.

The patent applies local quality by distributing metal nanomaterial groups locally within the ITO layer rather than uniformly replacing ITO. The metal nanomaterials are dispersed as discrete groups throughout the ITO matrix, creating local regions with enhanced light extraction properties while maintaining the overall high transmittance characteristic of the ITO base material.

The patent applies composite materials by creating a current spreading layer that combines ITO (oxide semiconductor) with metal nanomaterial groups. This composite structure achieves superior current spreading performance compared to conventional P-type III-V materials, while the fabrication process remains compatible with standard LED manufacturing techniques such as sputtering and thermal treatment.

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the electrical and optical parameters of the current spreading layer through doping with metal nanomaterials. The metal nanomaterial groups alter the resistivity, carrier concentration, and optical properties of the ITO layer, enabling improved current spreading while maintaining fabrication simplicity through controlled deposition and thermal processing.

The patent applies composite materials by integrating multiple functional components (ITO matrix + metal nanomaterial groups) into a single current spreading layer structure. This composite approach achieves improved current spreading performance while maintaining a relatively simple overall device structure, as the composite layer is deposited as a single thin film rather than requiring multiple separate layers.

The patent applies multi-functionality by designing the composite current spreading layer to simultaneously perform multiple functions: current spreading, light extraction enhancement, and optical transparency. The ITO matrix provides transparency and basic current conduction, while the embedded metal nanomaterial groups provide enhanced current spreading and light extraction, eliminating the need for separate functional layers.

The patent applies merging by combining the deposition of ITO and metal nanomaterials into a single co-sputtering process. Both materials are deposited simultaneously from different targets onto the substrate, creating a composite layer with embedded metal nanomaterial groups in the ITO matrix. This integrated deposition approach reduces fabrication complexity compared to sequential deposition methods.

The patent applies parameter changes by controlling the deposition parameters (power ratios, gas flow rates, substrate temperature) during co-sputtering to achieve optimal distribution of metal nanomaterials within the ITO matrix. By adjusting these parameters, the process achieves good current spreading performance while maintaining a relatively simple single-step deposition fabrication process.