Bio-signal Detection Using LED and Laser Diode Array
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing bio-information detection methods face challenges in accurately measuring pulse waves without causing pain or reducing measurement errors, particularly in wearable devices that require noninvasive methods for obtaining optical or pressure signals from the body.
Innovation Solution
A bio-signal detection apparatus using a combination of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes (LDs) to emit optical signals on the body, with surrounding light-receivers to detect modulated signals, and a processor to analyze these signals for bio-information such as blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, vascular compliance, and blood flow rate.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If noninvasive optical detection methods are used to detect pulse waves, then pain to the object is avoided and ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to measurement errors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple light receivers (at least three, preferably four or more) arranged around the light emitter to simultaneously detect optical signals from multiple directions. This merging of multiple detection paths enhances measurement precision by providing redundant measurements and enabling error correction, while maintaining the noninvasive nature of the detection method
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from single-point detection to multi-dimensional detection by arranging light receivers in a spatial configuration around the light emitter (e.g., in a line or circular pattern). This spatial dimensionality allows detection of optical signals from multiple angles, improving measurement precision through geometric diversity while preserving ease of operation
2Measurement precision
If multiple light receivers are disposed to surround the light emitter to detect optical signals from multiple directions, then measurement precision is improved by reducing measurement errors, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection function into multiple independent light receivers positioned around the light emitter. Each receiver independently detects optical signals, and the processor integrates these segmented measurements to achieve high precision. This segmentation allows parallel detection without requiring complex mechanical moving parts
Solution Approach 2:
The patent designs the light receiver array to serve multiple functions: detecting optical signals transmitted through tissue, detecting reflected optical signals, and providing geometric diversity for pulse wave analysis. This multi-functionality reduces device complexity by eliminating the need for separate detection systems for different measurement modes
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus effectively detects bio-information with high accuracy and reliability, reducing measurement errors and enabling wearable devices to monitor vital signs without causing discomfort, while improving signal-to-noise ratio through delayed or simultaneous emission of optical signals.
Implementation Method 1
a light emitter including a light-emitting diode (LED) and a laser diode (LD), the LED and the LD being configured to emit optical signals on an object
Implementation Method 2
an optical detector including a light-receiver configured to detect optical signals modulated by the object
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus and a method for detecting bio-information are provided. The apparatus includes a bio-signal detector including a light emitter including a light-emitting diode (LED) and a laser diode (LD), the LED and the LD being configured to emit optical signals on an object. The bio-signal detector further includes an optical detector including a light-receiver configured to detect optical signals modulated by the object. The apparatus further includes a processor configured to process the optical signals to detect the bio-information of the object.