LED Lighting Circuit Voltage Reduction via Current Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional LED lighting devices face challenges in meeting safety extra-low voltage (SELV) requirements due to high output voltages, leading to increased complexity and cost when multiple LED clusters are connected in parallel to satisfy illumination needs, as they often exceed the voltage limits set by international safety standards.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of low impedance load components in the lighting device's circuit configuration, which are connected in series with LED load components and balanced by current balancing capacitors, reduces the output voltage from the AC power supply generator while maintaining consistent current flow through each load component, thereby adhering to safety standards without increasing accessory counts.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If a large number of LEDs are connected in parallel to satisfy illumination requirements, then the illumination intensity is improved, but the output voltage exceeds the SELV safety requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The LED lighting system is segmented into multiple independent LED clusters, each with its own current balancing cell and protection circuit. These clusters are connected in parallel to the AC power supply generator, allowing the system to achieve high illumination intensity while maintaining voltage within safety limits through distributed current control.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the number of LED clusters is increased to reduce output voltage, then the SELV requirements are met, but the system complexity and cost increase due to more accessories
Solution Approach 1:
The current balancing cell is designed as a universal module that performs multiple functions: current balancing across parallel LED clusters, voltage regulation to maintain SELV compliance, and protection against reverse polarity damage. This multi-functional design reduces the need for separate dedicated components for each function.
Solution Approach 2:
The protection circuit is merged with the current balancing cell, integrating reverse polarity protection, over-current protection, and current balancing functions into a single unified circuit module. This integration reduces the total number of separate accessories and simplifies the overall system architecture.
3Illumination intensity
If the number of LEDs in each cluster is increased to reduce the number of clusters, then the illumination requirements are met, but the output voltage rises above safety limits
Solution Approach 1:
Each LED cluster is equipped with a local current balancing cell that independently controls the current distribution within that specific cluster. This localized current control ensures that voltage remains within SELV limits at each cluster level, while the overall system achieves high illumination through the combined output of multiple clusters.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides a lighting device and a voltage reduction method thereof, wherein the lighting device comprises: an AC power supply generator for generating an AC power source to supply power to other accessories and circuits in the lighting device; m load components, every two adjacent load components forming one head common connection point and one end common connection point respectively for each load component from head to end alternatively; and (m−1) current balancing cells each respectively connected between one head common connection point or one end common connection point and one of two output terminals of the AC power supply generator; wherein the m load components comprise (m−n) low impedance load components therein. The present application can reduce the output voltage of the AC power supply generator with lower cost.