LED Outage Detection Circuit with PWM Dimming Support

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing LED outage detection systems are complex and costly, and they are not suitable for detecting defective LEDs, especially when dimmed using pulse width modulation (PWM) dimming, and they fail to provide a warning for defective tail or brake lighting in automotive applications.

Innovation Solution

A simple and cost-effective LED outage detection circuit that uses a top voltage detector and differential amplifier to differentiate between the operating voltage and supply voltage of an LED, outputting a signal indicating whether the LED is defective, and is compatible with PWM dimming.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a test mode is used to detect defective lamps, then detection capability is provided, but the system cannot detect defects occurring during normal operation and requires complex circuitry

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefect detection capabilityVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The LED lamp performs self-detection by monitoring its own voltage characteristics. The control circuit continuously compares the actual voltage across the LED with expected voltage values during normal operation, enabling automatic defect detection without requiring external test equipment or complex additional circuitry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The detection method monitors changes in voltage parameters across the LED. By detecting abnormal voltage deviations from expected operating ranges, the system identifies defective LEDs through parameter analysis rather than requiring complex structural modifications to the circuit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of operation

If PWM dimming is used to control LED brightness, then dimming capability is achieved, but conventional detection systems cannot detect defective LEDs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedimming controlVSAvoiddefect detection under PWM
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control circuit implements feedback by continuously monitoring the voltage across the LED during PWM dimming operation. The system compares the actual voltage measurements with expected voltage characteristics at different duty cycles, enabling defect detection that adapts to the PWM dimming regime rather than being disrupted by it.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The circuit effectively detects defective LEDs, providing a clear signal for driver notification and reducing system complexity and cost, while being suitable for use with dimmed LEDs in automotive lighting systems.

Implementation Method 1

a top voltage detector (20) coupled to the LED for detecting a voltage across the LED

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage detection: Electric Field

Implementation Method 2

the differential amplifier is configured to output an outage detection signal based on a difference between the reference voltage and the top voltage signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDifferential amplification:

Data Source

PatentEP3468303B1A LED lamp having an outage detection circuit
Publication Date: 2024.03.06 SIGNIFY HOLDING BV
  • EP3468303B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3468303B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

In order to detect a defective light source, such as a LED coupled to a DC-DC converter circuit for receiving a power signal, an outage detection circuit comprises a top voltage detector coupled to the LED for detecting a voltage across the LED. The top voltage detector has an top voltage terminal for supplying a top voltage signal. The detection circuit further comprises a differential amplifier coupled to the top voltage terminal for receiving the top voltage signal as a first input signal and coupled to a reference voltage terminal. The reference voltage terminal is configured to supply a reference voltage as a second input signal. The differential amplifier comprises an output terminal for supplying an outage detection signal.