LED Power Supply Overcurrent Protection via Tertiary Winding
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Solution Overview
Problem
LEDs experience overcurrent damage when initially connected to a power supply due to stored energy discharge, leading to reduced service life and safety risks for both the LED and the power supply apparatus.
Innovation Solution
A power supply apparatus with a transformer, rectifiers, smoothers, and voltage dividers that control current flow by disconnecting the primary output and applying a predetermined current from the secondary winding during initial connection, preventing overcurrent through a tertiary winding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the LED is connected to the power supply apparatus while power is being supplied continuously, then the lighting device can be installed without interruption, but a high surge current flows in the LED due to stored energy discharge, causing overcurrent damage
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply apparatus detects the connection state of the LED before full power is applied and preliminarily limits the current to a safe level during the initial connection phase. This preliminary action prevents the surge current from damaging the LED while still allowing continuous power supply operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus dynamically adjusts the current output based on the operational state. When the LED is initially connected, the current is limited to a predetermined safe level. Once the LED is properly connected and operational, the current is increased to the normal operating level. This dynamic adjustment resolves the contradiction between installation convenience and overcurrent protection.
2Speed
If the stored energy in the power supply apparatus is discharged to the LED, then the LED can be quickly activated, but the high current rapidly increases and deviates from normal range, damaging the LED and threatening user safety
Solution Approach 1:
Before discharging stored energy to activate the LED, the apparatus preliminarily establishes current limiting protection. The current is controlled to remain within the normal range even during activation, preventing damage while still achieving quick LED activation through controlled energy discharge.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus provides beforehand cushioning by implementing current limiting circuitry that acts as a protective buffer during LED activation. This cushioning prevents the harmful surge current from reaching the LED, allowing fast activation without compromising reliability or service life.
3Power
If the current flowing in the LED is not limited, then the power supply can operate at full capacity, but the current deviates from normal range causing fatal damage to both the LED and power supply apparatus
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply apparatus preliminarily establishes current limiting protection before operating at full capacity. By detecting LED connection status and applying current limits during the initial phase, the system prevents fatal damage while maintaining the ability to operate at full power output once the LED is properly connected.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus introduces an intermediary current limiting mechanism between the power supply and LED. This intermediary protects the power supply from fatal damage by preventing current from deviating into dangerous ranges, while still allowing the system to deliver full power output under normal operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution ensures that only a predetermined current flows through the LED, protecting it from overcurrent damage and extending its service life while ensuring user safety by preventing damage to the power supply apparatus.
Implementation Method 1
a transformer (110) including a primary winding, a secondary winding receiving a power induced from the primary winding, and a tertiary winding receiving the power induced from the primary winding
Data Source
AI summary
A power supply apparatus for LED is provided. The power supply apparatus for LED includes a transformer, a first output unit, and a second output unit. The transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding receiving a power induced from the primary winding, and a tertiary winding receiving the power induced from the primary winding. The first output unit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer, and outputs a first power current to an LED in a first operating condition. The second output unit is connected to the tertiary winding of the transformer, and outputs a second power current to the LED in a second operating condition. When the LED is connected to the power supply apparatus for LED, the power supply apparatus allows a current equal to or less than a predetermined current to flow in the LED, thereby protecting the LED from an overcurrent.