Lens Scanning Hyperspectral Imaging for UAV Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional hyperspectral imaging systems on rotor unmanned aerial vehicles suffer from image distortion due to shifting center of gravity and inconsistent scanning speeds, especially in high-altitude and large-scanning-range environments.
Innovation Solution
A lens scanning mode hyperspectral imaging system where the imaging lens is translated relative to the slit of the imaging spectrometer, with a scanning distance of 10±2 mm, to maintain image stability and avoid distortion, using a driving device with a translation mechanism and scanning motor for precise movement, and an auxiliary camera for real-time monitoring.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a slit scanning mode or rotary mirror scanning mode is used in conventional hyperspectral imaging systems, then spectral imaging can be achieved, but image distortion occurs due to shifting center of gravity and inconsistent scanning speeds
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of moving the imaging spectrometer or rotating mirrors to achieve scanning (conventional approach), this patent inverts the approach by moving the imaging lens to scan the target. The lens is mounted on a translation mechanism that moves it along the optical axis, allowing the lens to scan across the target while the spectrometer and detector remain stationary, thereby eliminating image distortion caused by center of gravity shifts and inconsistent scanning speeds
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a translation mechanism as an intermediary device between the lens and the spectrometer. This mechanism includes a translation platform with a sliding rail and slider that precisely controls lens movement. The lens acts as a mediator that scans the target by changing its position relative to the stationary slit, enabling spectral imaging without moving the entire spectrometer assembly
2Loss of information
If the imaging spectrometer and plane array detector are moved by translation mechanism to scan the target, then spectral information can be acquired, but the center of gravity shifts causing image distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the scanning function from the heavy imaging spectrometer assembly and assigns it to the lightweight imaging lens instead. By mounting only the lens on the translation mechanism and keeping the spectrometer and detector stationary, the system achieves scanning capability without shifting the center of gravity of the main imaging components, thereby eliminating image distortion while still acquiring spectral information
3Productivity
If a rotary scanning mirror is used to redirect incident beam to the lens, then scanning can be achieved, but inconsistent scanning speeds cause image distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the rotary mirror mechanical scanning system with a lens translation mechanism. Instead of using a rotating mirror to redirect light beams at varying speeds, the system uses a lens mounted on a precision translation mechanism that moves linearly along the optical axis. This mechanical substitution provides consistent scanning speed and eliminates the image distortion caused by variable scanning speeds of rotary mirrors
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves stable image acquisition with minimal distortion, enabling high-altitude and large-scanning-range hyperspectral imaging without shifting the center of gravity, allowing for quick and accurate stitching of large target images without real-time flight attitude adjustments.
Implementation Method 1
the imaging lens forms a lens scanning mode during translating
Implementation Method 2
the spectroscope splits each spectral component to correspond to a pixel on a line array of the plane array detector
Data Source
AI summary
A lens scanning mode hyperspectral imaging system and a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle include: an imaging lens, an imaging spectrometer and a surface array detector arranged in sequence and coaxial to a main optic axis, wherein the imaging spectrometer and the surface array detector are connected and mounted to each other; wherein the lens scanning mode hyperspectral imaging system further includes: a driving device for driving the imaging lens to translate relative to a plane where a slit of the imaging spectrometer is. The hyperspectral imaging system of the present invention overcomes the technical bias in the prior art that the imaging lens must be fixed, and the present invention provides relative motion between the target object and the imaging spectrometer by the lens scanning mode for imaging, which solves the image distortion problem of conventional hyperspectral imaging system using a slit scanning mode or a scanning mode.