Lensless Imaging Coded Mask Domain Sub-Structure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lens systems in imaging systems require significant space and are costly, especially in long-wave infrared (LWIR) applications, and lensless imaging systems using coded masks face challenges with light intensity reaching the image sensor due to diffused light.
Innovation Solution
A lensless imaging system is developed that includes a coded mask with multiple domain patterns, where each domain consists of sub-domains in a first pattern, such as a random dot or curved line pattern, combined with a second pattern, like a meta-blazed grating pattern, to deflect incident light effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If a coded mask with single pattern is used, then the system size is reduced, but the light intensity reaching each pixel is reduced due to diffused light
Solution Approach 1:
The coded mask is divided into multiple domains, each domain containing multiple sub-domains with different patterns. This segmentation allows different regions to contribute differently to light deflection, concentrating light intensity on the sensor while maintaining the compact lensless structure.
Solution Approach 2:
Different domains and sub-domains are assigned different patterns (curved line, dot, or meta-blazed grating patterns) to create local variations in light deflection characteristics. This local quality differentiation enables specific regions to deflect light in specific directions, improving overall light intensity at the sensor.
2Measurement precision
If a lens system is used, then the image quality is improved, but the form factor becomes larger due to required space for light travel
Solution Approach 1:
The traditional mechanical lens system is replaced with a coded mask-based computational imaging system. The coded mask with multiple domains and patterns performs light modulation and deflection without requiring the physical space of a lens, eliminating the need for light travel space while maintaining imaging capability through computational reconstruction.
3Ease of manufacture
If inexpensive materials are used in LWIR imaging system, then the cost is reduced, but the performance is insufficient compared to conventional lens systems
Solution Approach 1:
The coded mask employs composite patterning combining multiple pattern types (curved line, dot, meta-blazed grating) within different domains. This composite approach enables the use of inexpensive materials while achieving superior light deflection and concentration performance that exceeds conventional single-pattern coded masks and competes with traditional lens systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances light intensity per pixel, improving the imaging system's performance and reducing the overall size and cost, particularly suitable for LWIR applications.
Implementation Method 1
the incident light is still diffused due to the properties of the coded mask, such that the intensity of light reaching each pixel of the sensor may be reduced
Implementation Method 2
The second pattern may include a meta-blazed grating pattern
Data Source
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Figure 2B
AI summary
A lensless imaging system includes a coded mask including at least one domain, and an image sensor configured to receive light that passes through the coded mask and generate an electrical signal for image generation based on the received light, where each of the at least one domain includes a plurality of sub-domains provided in a first pattern, each of the plurality of sub-domains includes a second pattern, and the plurality of sub-domains are configured to deflect incident light based on a combination of the first pattern and the second pattern.