LEO Satellite Routing Tickets for Stable User Mobility
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Solution Overview
Problem
Low-earth orbit satellite constellations face frequent network rerouting due to satellite orbit changes, leading to connection fluctuations, TCP performance issues, and difficulty in maintaining continuous global service access.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for dynamic routing and user mobility management using a global ticketing arbiter that periodically updates feeder link state information, employs an improved A* search algorithm to optimize paths, and issues tickets for key forwarding nodes to manage satellite communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If satellite orbits the earth frequently (approximately every 90 minutes), then global wide-area coverage is achieved, but path stability deteriorates due to frequent link changes and network rerouting
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by predicting future satellite positions and pre-calculating optimal routing paths before link failures occur. The ground-based routing controller uses orbital mechanics models to anticipate satellite movements and proactively establish routing tables, avoiding frequent reactive rerouting and maintaining path stability despite satellite mobility.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements dynamic routing where routing paths are continuously adapted based on real-time satellite positions, link quality metrics, and traffic patterns. The routing controller dynamically adjusts path selection to balance coverage requirements with stability needs, transitioning between static and adaptive routing strategies based on operational conditions.
2Device complexity
If static ground network access point model is used, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability to network dynamics deteriorates, resulting in connection fluctuation and flow interruption
Solution Approach 1:
A ground-based routing controller serves as an intermediary between satellites and ground network access points. This mediator consolidates the complexity of handling dynamic satellite positions and network routing, allowing simple static access point models to remain unchanged while the intermediary adapts to network dynamics, managing connection fluctuations and maintaining flow continuity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes key routing parameters such as path selection criteria, gateway station assignments, and ticket validity periods based on real-time network conditions. The routing controller monitors link quality, satellite positions, and traffic patterns, dynamically adjusting these parameters to maintain connectivity without requiring complex changes to the underlying access point model architecture.
3Adaptability or versatility
If user terminal frequently switches satellites, then continuous global service access is maintained, but TCP performance deteriorates due to severe link handover effects
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by pre-establishing routing tickets and path information for anticipated satellite handovers. Before a user terminal switches satellites, the routing controller has already prepared the necessary routing information and validated the new path, allowing seamless transitions that minimize TCP disruption and maintain performance during handover events.
Solution Approach 2:
The system ensures continuity of useful action by maintaining active routing tickets that remain valid across satellite boundaries and handover events. The routing controller extends ticket validity periods and establishes overlapping path information so that TCP connections experience minimal interruption during satellite switches, preserving data flow continuity and performance.
4Device complexity
If no gateway station is deployed in remote areas, then device complexity and infrastructure cost are reduced, but global service coverage deteriorates, making continuous connection impossible
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements multi-functionality by enabling gateway stations in populated areas to serve multiple purposes: handling local traffic, acting as routing anchors for remote satellites, and providing backup paths for users in coverage edge regions. This universal approach allows limited gateway infrastructure to support global service coverage without requiring dedicated gateway stations in every remote area.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses dynamic routing to extend service coverage to remote areas without physical gateway infrastructure. The routing controller dynamically directs traffic from satellites serving remote regions through intermediate gateway stations, adapting path selection based on real-time conditions. This dynamic approach allows global coverage to be achieved through intelligent routing rather than dense physical infrastructure deployment.
Data Source
AI summary
A method and a system for dynamic routing and user mobility management of a low-earth orbit satellite constellation are provided, belonging to the technical field of satellite communication. The method includes the following steps: S1, reporting feeder link real-time state information; S2, storing and managing the feeder link real-time state information; S3, selecting an egress gateway station; S4, searching for a shortest delay path from an ingress satellite to the egress gateway station through an improved A* search algorithm; S5, extracting key forwarding nodes, encapsulating the key forwarding nodes into an outbound ticket and a return ticket, and issuing the outbound ticket and the return ticket to the egress gateway station and the ingress satellite. The method ignores the state of an inter-satellite link and a user link with a high-frequency jitter, and only takes a dynamic change of a feeder link as a trigger condition of path recalculation.