LEO Satellite Navigation Signal Jamming via Frequency Hopping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing navigation systems, such as GPS, face challenges in providing sufficient signal power and geometry to penetrate buildings or urban areas and are susceptible to jamming, limiting their effectiveness in demanding usage scenarios and safety-of-life applications.
Innovation Solution
A navigation system utilizing Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites that integrate passive ranging signals from multiple sources, including spaceborne and terrestrial transmitters, to provide high-integrity navigation, with LEO satellites broadcasting a composite signal containing communication and navigation channels, and using pseudo-random noise ranging overlays to enhance signal strength and resistance to interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If GPS signals are used for navigation, then global coverage is provided, but signal power and geometry are insufficient to penetrate buildings or urban areas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the navigation signal into multiple frequency components by using frequency hopping across multiple channels. This allows the signal to penetrate buildings and urban areas more effectively by utilizing different frequency paths, while maintaining global coverage through the distributed nature of the frequency hopping sequence.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces frequency diversity by hopping across multiple frequency channels, adding a frequency dimension to the traditional spatial navigation approach. This dimensional expansion enables the signal to overcome obstacles like buildings and urban structures that block traditional GPS signals, while preserving global coverage through the comprehensive frequency hopping pattern.
2Reliability
If GPS signals are used for navigation, then standardization is achieved, but susceptibility to jamming increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the navigation signal across multiple frequency channels and time slots, distributing the signal energy throughout the spectrum. This segmentation makes the signal more resistant to jamming because an attacker would need to simultaneously jam multiple frequency channels and time slots to effectively disrupt navigation, thereby maintaining navigation accuracy while reducing vulnerability to harmful factors.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic frequency hopping, where the signal frequency changes over time according to a pseudorandom sequence. This dynamic characteristic makes it difficult for jamming systems to predict and track the signal, thereby maintaining navigation reliability while reducing susceptibility to jamming. The frequency hopping pattern adapts continuously, creating a moving target that is hard to intercept or jam.
3Illumination intensity
If LEO satellites broadcast composite signals with multiple channels, then signal power and penetration capability improve, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple navigation channels and communication channels into a single composite LEO satellite signal. This combining approach increases signal power through signal processing gain while managing device complexity by utilizing the satellite's existing infrastructure for signal generation and transmission, rather than requiring separate dedicated systems for each channel type.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a universal signal structure where LEO satellites broadcast both communication and navigation channels within the same signal framework. This multi-functional approach allows a single receiver to access both communication and navigation services, reducing overall system complexity compared to having separate dedicated systems, while still providing enhanced signal power through the composite signal structure.
4Measurement precision
If multiple ranging sources are integrated for high-accuracy navigation, then navigation accuracy improves, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges signals from multiple ranging sources (LEO satellites, GPS satellites, and terrestrial transmitters) into a unified navigation solution. By combining these diverse signal sources in a coordinated manner, the system achieves high navigation accuracy through multi-source fusion while managing complexity through a standardized signal processing framework that handles different signal types uniformly.
Data Source
AI summary
Various approaches to localized jamming of navigation signals are provided. In one embodiment, a navigation signal comprises at least a portion of a low earth orbit (LEO) signal provided by a LEO satellite. A noise source is filtered to provide a plurality of filtered noise signals in a plurality of frequency bands. The navigation signal is spread over a plurality of channels of the LEO signal. The channels are distributed over the frequency bands and a plurality of time slots. A pseudo random noise (PRN) sequence is generated. The filtered noise signals are modulated using the PRN sequence to provide a plurality of modulated noise signals. The modulated noise signals are broadcast over an area of operations to provide a plurality of jamming bursts corresponding to the navigation signal. The jamming bursts are configured to substantially mask the navigation signal in the area of operations.