Leukocyte Classification Reagent for Eosinophil Distinction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for classifying leukocytes in canine and feline blood samples using quaternary ammonium salt-containing lysing reagents fail to distinguish eosinophils from other leukocytes, which is crucial for diagnosing allergic diseases and parasitosis, and exhibit low correlation with visual examination results.
Innovation Solution
A method and reagent that utilizes a specific concentration of quaternary ammonium salts, combined with an aqueous solvent, to lyse erythrocytes and shrink leukocytes, allowing for classification into three groups: lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes, and eosinophils, based on size, using an electric resistance or optical detection method.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a quaternary ammonium salt-containing lysing reagent is used to measure canine or feline blood samples, then erythrocytes can be lysed and leukocytes can be detected, but the leukocyte size distribution appears as a single peak and eosinophils cannot be distinguished from other leukocytes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the concentration parameter of the quaternary ammonium salt in the lysing reagent from conventional levels to a specific range (0.5-5 g/L, preferably 1-3 g/L). This parameter adjustment modifies the interaction between the reagent and animal leukocytes, causing differential shrinkage that preserves eosinophil size characteristics while lysing erythrocytes, thereby enabling eosinophil distinction in the pulse height distribution
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies differential treatment to different leukocyte types through the optimized lysing reagent concentration. The reagent selectively affects various leukocyte populations differently - causing significant shrinkage in most leukocytes while preserving eosinophil size characteristics. This local quality approach creates distinct size profiles for different leukocyte subgroups, enabling eosinophil identification
2Adaptability or versatility
If the quaternary ammonium salt concentration is reduced to classify leukocytes into sub-groups, then classification into 3 sub-groups is achieved, but the correlation with visual examination results remains low and eosinophils still cannot be distinguished
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the quaternary ammonium salt concentration to a specific range (0.5-5 g/L) that simultaneously achieves both leukocyte sub-group classification and eosinophil distinction. This precise parameter control creates optimal differential shrinkage effects that preserve eosinophil size characteristics while maintaining classification capability across multiple leukocyte subgroups
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies a controlled level of lysing reagent concentration that is sufficient to cause differential shrinkage for classification purposes but not so high that it completely destroys eosinophil size characteristics. This partial action approach maintains enough structural integrity in eosinophils to enable their distinction while still achieving sub-group classification
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method achieves accurate classification of leukocytes into distinct sub-groups, improving the correlation with visual examination results and enabling more precise diagnosis of allergic diseases and parasitosis in canine and feline patients.
Implementation Method 1
a quaternary ammonium salt lysing reagent which shrinks leukocytes and lyses erythrocytes in a canine or feline blood sample
Implementation Method 2
measuring data correlated with the size of leukocytes in the measurement sample
Implementation Method 3
using an electric resistance or optical detection method
Data Source
AI summary
A method for classifying leukocytes in animal blood is described. In the method, a measurement sample is prepared by mixing a canine or feline blood sample with a lysing reagent. Erythrocytes are lysed and leukocytes are shrunk in the measurement sample. The data correlated with the size of leukocytes in the measurement sample are measured. The leukocytes, on the basis of the measured data, are classified into a first group containing lymphocytes, a second group containing neutrophils and monocytes and a third group containing eosinophils.