Leukocyte Detection via Extravasation Factor Immobilization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current diagnostic methods for leukocyte-related diseases, such as sepsis and cancer, are inefficient and require large sample volumes, leading to delayed and inaccurate results due to high false-negative rates and complex, time-consuming processes.
Innovation Solution
A method and device utilizing leukocyte extravasation factors immobilized on a microfluidic channel surface to capture and detect leukocytes in a disease state, allowing for early diagnosis with a small sample volume by leveraging the increased expression of binding factors in diseased leukocytes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If current diagnostic methods (culturing bacteria, measuring marker proteins) are used for sepsis diagnosis, then diagnostic accuracy can be achieved, but diagnosis time is prolonged and false-negative rate is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and detects specific leukocyte surface markers (such as CD11b, CD66b, CD16) that are overexpressed in diseased states directly from a small blood sample. By focusing on these specific extracted markers rather than performing complete bacterial culturing or comprehensive marker protein measurement, the method achieves rapid diagnosis within minutes while maintaining high accuracy through targeted detection of disease-specific leukocyte phenotypes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes changes in leukocyte surface marker expression parameters as indicators of disease state. By measuring the altered expression levels of specific markers (e.g., increased CD11b in sepsis, changed CD16 in cancer) rather than measuring traditional markers, the method enables rapid differentiation of disease states with high precision, resolving the contradiction between speed and accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If comprehensive cancer diagnostic tests (gastroscopy, liver ultrasound, blood biomarkers, breast photography, cervical cell tests) are performed, then diagnostic accuracy improves, but process complexity and time consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a universal diagnostic method that uses leukocyte surface marker profiling to detect multiple disease types (infectious diseases, cancer, inflammatory conditions) through a single blood test. Instead of requiring different specialized tests for different cancers and diseases, this multi-functional approach uses the same leukocyte marker detection system to screen for various conditions, dramatically simplifying the diagnostic process while maintaining comprehensive detection capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a simplified copy or model of the complex diagnostic process by using leukocyte surface markers as surrogate indicators of disease state. Rather than performing actual comprehensive examinations (gastroscopy, ultrasound, etc.), the method uses the easily obtainable leukocyte marker profile as a representative indicator that reflects the underlying disease condition, enabling early screening without complex procedures.
3Reliability
If frequent comprehensive tests are performed for early cancer diagnosis, then early detection capability improves, but cost and time investment increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary screening using leukocyte surface marker analysis on routine blood samples before disease symptoms become apparent or before comprehensive diagnostic procedures are needed. By detecting early phenotypic changes in leukocytes (such as altered CD11b, CD66b, or CD16 expression) that precede clinical manifestations, the method enables early intervention without requiring frequent expensive comprehensive tests, reducing both time investment and cost while maintaining high early detection capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables early detection and diagnosis of leukocyte-related diseases like sepsis and cancer with increased sensitivity and specificity using a small sample, improving diagnostic efficiency and accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
contacting an isolated biological sample including leukocytes or leukocytes isolated from the biological sample with leukocyte extravasation factors; and capturing of leukocytes in a disease state by the leukocyte extravasation factors
Implementation Method 2
detecting the captured leukocytes
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a device or method for detection of leukocytes in a disease state or leukocytes in an abnormal state, or diagnosing a leukocyte-related disease, according to the device or method according to an aspect, it is possible to detect leukocytes in a disease state or leukocytes in an abnormal state at an early stage using a small amount of sample isolated from a subject, and thus, there is an effect that allows diagnosis of a leukocyte-related disease, for example, inflammation, an infectious disease, an immune disease, a metabolic disease, or cancer, etc.