Leukocyte Classification Reagent for Broad pH and Temperature Ranges
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for classifying leukocytes into four groups face limitations due to the necessity of nonionic surfactants and strict pH value ranges, as well as the difficulty in maintaining constant temperature, which restricts their wide application and increases equipment costs.
Innovation Solution
A reagent comprising surfactants capable of lysing erythrocytes and partly damaging leukocyte membranes, combined with an organic compound bearing an anionic group and a buffer for pH adjustment within a range of 2-8, allowing classification into four groups without nonionic surfactants and enabling classification at temperatures between 10-40°C, reducing the need for cooling devices and equipment costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If nonionic surfactants are used in the reagent for classifying leukocytes, then the classification accuracy is improved, but the equipment complexity and cost increase due to the need for cooling devices to maintain constant temperature
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the pH parameter range to 2-8 (broader than conventional methods) and allows classification at temperatures between 10-40°C without requiring constant temperature maintenance. This parameter change eliminates the need for cooling devices while maintaining classification accuracy, directly resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates the requirement for nonionic surfactants from the reagent composition. By removing this component that necessitated strict temperature control, the invention simplifies the equipment requirements while preserving the core classification function, thereby reducing device complexity without sacrificing measurement precision
2Measurement precision
If nonionic surfactants and strict pH value ranges are required, then classification precision is improved, but the adaptability of the method is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent expands the adaptable parameter ranges: pH from 2-8 (broader than conventional methods) and temperature from 10-40°C. This parameter change enables the method to adapt to different environmental conditions and laboratory settings while maintaining classification precision, directly resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and adaptability
Solution Approach 2:
The reagent formulation achieves universal applicability across varying pH and temperature conditions without requiring nonionic surfactants. The method can be applied in different laboratory environments with varying temperature controls, making it more versatile and adaptable while preserving classification precision
3Measurement precision
If constant temperature maintenance is required for classification, then measurement precision is improved, but equipment cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter from requiring constant maintenance to allowing variation between 10-40°C. This eliminates the need for expensive cooling devices and temperature control systems, reducing equipment cost while maintaining measurement precision through the optimized reagent formulation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates the requirement for temperature control equipment by removing the dependency on constant temperature conditions. This removal of equipment requirement directly reduces equipment cost while preserving measurement precision through the improved reagent system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables precise classification of leukocytes into four groups with improved measurement precision and reduced equipment costs by eliminating the need for cooling devices, while maintaining classification stability across a broader temperature range.
Implementation Method 1
surfactants capable of lysing erythrocytes and partly damaging the cell membrane of leukocytes
Implementation Method 2
organic compound bearing an anionic group capable of binding with a cationic component present in the leukocytes to give morphological differences between the leukocytes
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a reagent for classifying leukocytes including (a) at least one surfactant capable of lysing erythrocytes and partly damaging the cell membrane of leukocytes, (b) at least one organic compound bearing an anionic group capable of binding to the cationic component present in the leukocytes to provide morphological differences between the leukocytes, and (c) a buffer for adjusting pH to 2˜8. Also disclosed is a method for classifying leukocytes into four groups.