Lever-Actuated Retractable Wheel Assembly for Inclined Surface Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing movable structures with retractable wheels, such as scaffolding and aerial work platforms, face instability on inclined surfaces due to worn-out brakes and lack of automatic retraction mechanisms that do not exert spring force when loaded, particularly with occupants at height.

Innovation Solution

A retractable wheel assembly with a biasing mechanism and leverage bracket system that automatically retracts the wheel when loaded, using a gas strut for biasing and a lever for manual extension, ensuring stability and secure positioning without exerting spring force.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If brakes are added to wheels to prevent movement on inclined surfaces, then stability is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to wear and failure over time

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovestabilityVSAvoidreliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the braking system entirely and replaces it with a retractable wheel mechanism. The wheel is retracted into the platform structure when stationary, eliminating the need for brakes while maintaining stability on inclined surfaces through geometric constraint rather than friction-based stopping.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of using brakes to prevent movement, the invention inverts the approach by using a retractable wheel that prevents movement through its retracted state. The stability is achieved by removing the wheel from contact with the ground rather than by applying braking force.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Ease of operation

If spring mounted casters are used for automatic retraction, then ease of operation is improved, but stability deteriorates because the casters exert spring force when loaded

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveautomatic retractionVSAvoidstability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the spring mounting mechanism and associated spring forces from the system. The retraction is achieved through a different mechanism that does not rely on spring force, thereby eliminating the instability caused by spring pressure on the loaded platform.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the spring-based mechanical retraction system with a lever-actuated mechanism. This substitution eliminates the continuous spring force while maintaining automatic retraction capability through gravitational and lever mechanical advantages.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Stability of the object's composition

If over center casters are used for stability, then stability is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates because they do not automatically retract when loaded

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovestabilityVSAvoidautomatic retraction
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the stability function of over-center casters with the automatic retraction capability of spring-mounted casters into a single integrated mechanism. The lever system provides both the over-center stability and the automatic retraction response to loading in one unified structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention introduces dynamic response to loading conditions through the lever mechanism. When load is applied to the platform, the lever automatically pivots to retract the wheel, providing dynamic adaptation to changing operational conditions rather than a fixed over-center position.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Ease of operation

If a lever-actuated biasing mechanism is used for wheel extension, then ease of operation is improved with minimum effort, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveeffort for extensionVSAvoidcomplexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs curved pivot paths and arc-shaped lever movements to achieve mechanical advantage. The curved geometry of the lever mechanism allows small input forces to generate large output forces for wheel extension, reducing operator effort while maintaining manageable structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses a pivot bracket assembly that moves through three-dimensional space, utilizing vertical and horizontal components of motion. This multi-dimensional movement allows the lever mechanism to achieve extension with minimal effort by exploiting gravitational and geometric relationships in multiple directions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides stable and secure positioning of movable structures on inclined surfaces by automatically retracting the wheels when loaded, minimizing effort for extension and maintaining stability during use, thus addressing the limitations of existing technologies.

Implementation Method 1

A biasing mechanism is coupled with the pivot bracket assembly. The biasing mechanism urges the pivot bracket assembly toward the extended position when the pivot bracket assembly is in the extended position and urges the pivot bracket assembly toward the retracted position when the pivot bracket assembly is in the retracted position. The biasing mechanism preferably includes a gas strut having a cylinder and a piston rod

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas spring biasing: Spring

Implementation Method 2

A lever is preferably attached to the pivot bracket assembly. The lever facilitates manual displacement of the pivot bracket assembly to an over center position from the retracted position to the extended position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLever mechanical advantage: Lever

Implementation Method 3

the pivot bracket assembly includes a pivot bracket pivotably attached to the wheel frame at one end and pivotably attached to the biasing mechanism at an opposite end, the pivot bracket being coupled with the pivot frame

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPivoting rotation: Hinge

Data Source

PatentEP1918487B1Movable platform having a lever-actuated retractable wheel
Publication Date: 2012.11.14 JLG IND INC
  • EP1918487B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1918487B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP1918487B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A retractable wheel assembly (10) includes a wheel frame (20) supporting a wheel (16), and a pivot bracket assembly (22) secured to the wheel frame. The pivot bracket assembly is displaceable between an extended position and a retracted position. A biasing mechanism (23) is coupled with the pivot bracket assembly. The biasing mechanism urges the pivot bracket assembly (22) toward the extended position when the pivot bracket assembly is in the extended position and urges the pivot bracket assembly (22) toward the retracted position when the pivot bracket assembly is in the retracted position.