Lithium-Ion Fast Charging Profiles for Lower Battery Deterioration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lithium-ion battery charging methods fail to balance charging speed with battery safety and longevity, often leading to increased wear and tear during rapid charging.
Innovation Solution
A charging method combining a constant current phase at lower states of charge with an increasing voltage phase, where the constant current level, switch point, and voltage rate are determined to minimize charging time and battery deterioration, optimizing charge acceptance and resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If fast charging is implemented, then charging speed is improved, but battery safety and longevity deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The charging process is divided into multiple phases: initial constant current charging phase, transition phase, and constant voltage charging phase. Each phase has specific current and voltage limits designed to protect the battery while maximizing charging speed during safe operating conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The charging current and voltage are dynamically adjusted based on real-time battery state measurements (temperature, voltage, current). The system continuously monitors and modifies charging parameters to maintain optimal charging speed while preventing conditions that would harm battery safety or longevity.
2Loss of time
If charging current is increased, then charging time is reduced, but battery wear and tear increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes charging parameters (current, voltage) based on battery state. During early charging when the battery can accept high current, the system applies maximum safe current to minimize time. As the battery approaches full charge, the system reduces current and increases voltage to complete charging without causing excessive wear from high current stress.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery management system uses feedback from battery state measurements to automatically adjust charging parameters. The system serves the dual purpose of minimizing charging time while protecting battery durability through self-regulation based on real-time conditions.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of developing a charging profile for charging a lithium-ion battery. A first phase of charging is at a constant current level, with the constant current level selected on the basis of battery resistance during charging and differential voltage (dV/dQ) analysis. A switch point is selected on the basis of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery when dV/DQ values increase. Next is an increasing voltage charging phase, with the voltage rate selected on the basis of charge acceptance and charge time.