Li-M-X-O Solid Electrolyte Composition Without Sulfide Hazards
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solid-state batteries face challenges with sulfide solid electrolyte materials that can produce hydrogen sulfide when exposed to air, posing safety risks and requiring the use of rare-earth elements, which are costly.
Innovation Solution
A solid-electrolyte material composed of a crystal phase with Li, M (Mg, Ca, or Sr), and X (F, Cl, Br, or I) is developed, offering high ionic conductivity without sulfur, thus avoiding hydrogen sulfide production and rare-earth elements, with specific molar ratios and crystal structures enhancing conductivity and safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If sulfide solid electrolyte materials are used in solid-state batteries, then ionic conductivity can be achieved, but hydrogen sulfide is produced when exposed to air causing safety risks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes sulfur from the electrolyte composition entirely, extracting the harmful element that causes hydrogen sulfide production while maintaining the solid electrolyte functionality through alternative halide-based chemistry
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful sulfide-based chemistry into beneficial halide-based chemistry, where the halide elements (F, Cl, Br, I) provide high ionic conductivity without the safety hazards of hydrogen sulfide generation
2Reliability
If rare-earth elements are used in solid electrolyte materials, then certain performance characteristics can be achieved, but production costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive rare-earth elements with abundant, inexpensive halide elements and common metals (Li, Mg, Ca, Sr), making the electrolyte material economically viable for mass production while maintaining necessary performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters from rare-earth-based to halide-based chemistry, fundamentally altering the material system to achieve both cost reduction and performance maintenance through different chemical mechanisms
3Reliability
If specific molar ratios and crystal structures are used in the solid-electrolyte material, then ionic conductivity is enhanced, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the molar ratio parameters within practical ranges (Li:M:X:O between 1:1:2:2 and 3:1:4:4) to achieve high ionic conductivity while ensuring these ratios remain manufacturable with conventional precision controls
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite crystal structure incorporating multiple elements (Li, M, X, O) in specific proportions that synergistically enhance ionic conductivity through the combined effects of lithium ion transport pathways and halide lattice structures
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new solid-electrolyte material achieves high ionic conductivity, improved safety by avoiding hydrogen sulfide production, and reduced production costs due to the absence of rare-earth elements, while maintaining suitable charge-discharge characteristics for batteries.
Implementation Method 1
a solid-electrolyte material including a crystal phase constituted by Li, M, X, and O... having a high ionic conductivity
Data Source
AI summary
A solid-electrolyte material includes a crystal phase constituted by Li, M, X, and O. M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, and Sr. X is at least two elements selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I.