Noise-Adaptive Solid-State LiDAR Bias Control for Long-Range SNR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current LIDAR systems face challenges in achieving sufficient Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for detecting objects at long ranges while adhering to Class 1 eye safety standards and maintaining reliability with minimal moving parts, especially in automotive applications where fast response times are critical.
Innovation Solution
A noise-adaptive solid-state LIDAR system is developed, utilizing a laser array with individual lasers that can be pulsed independently and a detector array with controlled voltage bias and RF switching to minimize noise, allowing for improved SNR and longer measurement ranges without the need for mechanical scanning or high-power lasers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If high-power lasers are used to improve detection range, then signal-to-noise ratio improves, but eye safety is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the detection task across multiple low-power laser sources arranged in arrays, rather than using a single high-power laser. Each laser operates at safe power levels while the collective array provides sufficient signal strength through coordinated operation and signal integration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces mechanical scanning systems with electronically controlled laser arrays that can be rapidly switched and steered using electronic control. This substitution enables fast response times without mechanical moving parts while maintaining eye safety through precise control of low-power laser emissions.
2Speed
If mechanical scanning is used to achieve fast response time, then detection speed improves, but reliability deteriorates due to moving parts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical scanning mirrors and moving components with electronically controlled laser arrays and RF switching systems. The fast response time is achieved through electronic beam steering and rapid laser pulsing rather than mechanical movement, eliminating reliability issues associated with mechanical parts.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses periodic pulsing of individual laser elements in the array, controlled by RF switching, to achieve fast response times. By rapidly alternating which lasers are active, the system achieves scanning-like functionality without mechanical movement, maintaining both speed and reliability.
3Measurement precision
If high-density detector arrays are used to improve measurement precision, then detection capability improves, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detector array into multiple zones that can be independently controlled and read out. This segmentation allows for more efficient use of detector elements and reduces the total number of detectors needed while maintaining detection precision through coordinated operation of the segmented zones.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple low-density detector zones into a functional high-density detection system through electronic control and signal processing. By merging the capabilities of fewer physical detectors with intelligent control algorithms, the system achieves high detection precision without the prohibitive cost of a fully dense detector array.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enhances SNR, enabling detection of objects at distances exceeding 100 meters with reduced noise and increased reliability, while maintaining eye safety and minimizing costs associated with high-density detector arrays.
Implementation Method 1
a laser that emits optical pulses in response to a trigger input and a detector that receives the optical pulses
Implementation Method 2
a detector that receives the optical pulses and converts them into an electrical detection signal
Data Source
AI summary
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes an optical transmitter comprising a plurality of lasers, where each of the plurality of lasers illuminates a field-of-view. A transmitter controller is configured to pulse desired ones of the plurality of lasers so that the plurality of lasers generate light in a desired illumination region. An optical receiver comprises a plurality of detectors positioned to detect light over the desired illumination region. The plurality of detectors generates an electrical detection signal. A time-of-flight measurement circuit measures the time-of-flight of light from the plurality of lasers to the plurality of detectors. The optical receiver calculates range information from the time-of-flight measurements. A receiver controller is electrically connected to the transmitter controller and is configured to bias at least some of the plurality of detectors at a bias point that achieves a desired detection signal noise level.