LiDAR Transmitter Flat Optics for Uniform Beam Patterns
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional LiDAR systems face challenges in achieving high-resolution imaging due to limitations in optical efficiency, non-uniformity, and size constraints, particularly in solid-state systems with mechanical scanning eliminated.
Innovation Solution
The use of flat optics, including diffractive and meta-surface optics, positioned proximate to a laser array in LiDAR systems to optimize performance by transforming optical beams and improving fill factor, uniformity, and angular resolution across the field-of-view.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If conventional bulk optics are used in LiDAR systems, then the system can achieve basic optical beam projection, but the system size becomes large and optical efficiency is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of optical component geometry from three-dimensional bulk optics to two-dimensional flat optics. This dimensional reduction enables compact system integration while maintaining optical functionality through engineered surface structures that manipulate light propagation without requiring volumetric material.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical bulk optical components with flat optics that utilize diffraction and meta-surface effects. This substitution eliminates the need for thick optical elements and complex mechanical mounting structures, achieving both size reduction and improved optical efficiency through wave-optics-based mechanisms.
2Manufacturing precision
If conventional bulk optics are used, then the optical system can function, but image uniformity and angular resolution are non-uniform across the field-of-view
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by designing flat optics with spatially varying surface structures and phase profiles. Different regions of the flat optic are engineered with specific local characteristics to control beam shaping, focusing, and angular distribution, achieving uniform image quality across the entire field-of-view through localized optical property modulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the optical function into discrete phase-control regions across the flat optic surface. By dividing the optical aperture into multiple zones with independently optimized phase delays and amplitude modulations, the system achieves precise control over beam formation and uniformity without requiring complex multi-element optical assemblies.
3Volume of moving object
If flat optics are used to reduce system size, then compactness is achieved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs copying by using photolithographic and nano-fabrication techniques to replicate precise surface structures across the entire flat optic substrate. Master templates and photomask patterns are used to copy complex phase profiles and surface relief structures with sub-micron accuracy, enabling high-precision manufacturing through scalable semiconductor-style fabrication processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances optical efficiency, improves image uniformity, and reduces system size, enabling high-resolution imaging over a wider range of distances and field-of-view compared to conventional bulk optics.
Implementation Method 1
The flat optic can be configured as a diffractive optic
Implementation Method 2
transforming optical beams and improving fill factor, uniformity, and angular resolution
Implementation Method 3
meta-surface flat optics for use in LiDAR systems that comprise structures with dimensions less than the wavelength of light used in the system
Data Source
AI summary
A LiDAR transmitter includes a laser array comprising a plurality of lasers, each generating an optical beam at an output. A first transmission optic having a first focal length is positioned adjacent to the output of the laser array so that it projects the optical beams. A flat optic element is positioned between the output laser array and the first transmission optic and is configured to transform a shape of the optical beams generated by the plurality of lasers. A second transmission optic having a second focal length is positioned after the first transmission optical in the direction of propagation of the optical beams that projects the optical beams with the transformed shape onto a target plane, wherein the first focal length, the second focal length, and the transformed shape of the optical beams are configured to achieve a desired optical pattern at the target plane.