LiDAR Transmission Optics for Rotation-Free 3D Mapping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Laser SLAM technologies based on laser direct structuring (LDS) face limitations in measurement accuracy and reliability due to their two-dimensional ranging capabilities and the need for a rotating mechanical structure, which results in a short service life and limited ability to perform three-dimensional mapping and obstacle avoidance.
Innovation Solution
A transmission apparatus for laser radar that uses a light emitting array, collimating mirror, and diffusion sheet to emit multiple linear beams with a specific divergence angle, allowing for three-dimensional depth information measurement without rotation, enabling simultaneous mapping and obstacle avoidance with a simpler structure and higher accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a rotating mechanical structure is used for laser SLAM, then two-dimensional ranging is achieved, but the service life is shortened and three-dimensional mapping capability is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the rotating mechanical structure with a fixed transmission apparatus that uses multiple light emitting units arranged in an array. This eliminates mechanical rotation while achieving three-dimensional depth information acquisition through optical means, thereby extending service life and enabling full 3D mapping capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from two-dimensional ranging to three-dimensional mapping by arranging light emitting units in a two-dimensional array (M rows × N columns) that emits multiple linear light spots simultaneously in different spatial directions, adding the third dimension capability without mechanical movement.
2Measurement precision
If a rotating mechanical structure is used for laser SLAM, then two-dimensional ranging is achieved, but the structure becomes complex and measurement accuracy is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the complex rotating mechanical structure by using a fixed array of light emitting units with optical elements (collimating lens and diffusion sheet) to generate multiple linear light spots. This simplifies the overall structure while improving measurement accuracy through simultaneous multi-point depth detection in three dimensions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the light source into multiple independent light emitting units arranged in an array, where each unit can emit light independently. This segmentation allows simultaneous emission of multiple linear light spots across different spatial positions, enhancing measurement accuracy without requiring complex mechanical structures.
3Measurement precision
If a light emitting array with multiple linear beams is used, then three-dimensional depth information is obtained, but the device size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates multiple optical elements (collimating lens, diffusion sheet) and light emitting units into a compact, nested arrangement where components are positioned in close proximity and share common optical paths. This nesting approach enables three-dimensional depth information acquisition while maintaining a compact device footprint suitable for integration into mobile robots.
4Adaptability or versatility
If a light emitting array with multiple linear beams is used, then simultaneous mapping and obstacle avoidance are enabled, but the structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the light emitting array to perform multiple functions simultaneously: the same array of light emitting units and optical elements used for three-dimensional mapping also enables obstacle avoidance detection. By emitting linear light spots across the field of view, the system can detect both the environment for mapping and obstacles for avoidance without requiring separate dedicated structures, thereby achieving multi-functionality with a unified design.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides high-precision three-dimensional mapping and obstacle avoidance capabilities, extending the service life of the device and allowing for integration into compact forms, reducing the need for protruding structures and enhancing detection accuracy and range.
Implementation Method 1
a light source including a light emitting array composed of M*N light emitting unit(s) configured for transmitting M*N beam(s) of light
Implementation Method 2
a collimating mirror configured for collimating the M*N beam(s) of light
Implementation Method 3
a diffusion sheet including a first field of view in the first direction configured for converting the M*N beam(s) of light into M*N beam(s) of linear light with a first divergence angle in the first direction
Data Source
AI summary
A transmission apparatus for laser radar, which includes: a light source including a light emitting array composed of M*N light emitting unit(s) configured for transmitting M*N beam(s) of light, where each row of the light emitting units of the light emitting array are arranged along a first direction, each column of the light emitting units of the light emitting array are arranged along a second direction; a collimating mirror configured for collimating the M*N beam(s) of light; a diffusion sheet including a first field of view in the first direction configured for converting the M*N beam(s) of light into M*N beam(s) of linear light with a first divergence angle in the first direction, and projecting the linear light to a target object to form N linear light spots parallel to the first direction, and the first field of view being equal to the first divergence angle.