LiDAR Resolution Improvement via Wavelength Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current LiDAR systems have limited resolution, which affects the accuracy of distance measurement and driving safety, especially when maintaining high-frequency and low-energy consumption.
Innovation Solution
A LiDAR system with a microcontroller unit, laser light source, and a lens module that includes a diffractive optical element and collimation lens assembly, emitting laser lights with different wavelengths and using a movable diffractive optical element to increase image resolution by overlapping point clouds and adjusting focal lengths for consistent light energy distribution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If laser light source detection methods are used with small-area light dots, then the system can perform high-frequency sensing, but the screen ratio decreases and requires persistent high-frequency reception
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the light detection process into multiple subframes within a frame, where each subframe captures light dots at different positions. This allows the system to use small-area light dots for high-frequency sensing while accumulating coverage across multiple subframes to achieve a complete large-area image, resolving the contradiction between small screen ratio and high sensing frequency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements periodic action by dividing the sensing process into multiple subframes that are periodically captured and then fused together. Each subframe is captured at high frequency, and the periodic accumulation of these subframes creates a complete high-resolution image, allowing the system to maintain high sensing frequency while achieving large area coverage
2Productivity
If flash LiDAR projects large area light dots simultaneously, then high-frequency and high-frame sensing is achieved with low energy consumption, but the image resolution decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the large-area light dot projection into multiple subframes, where each subframe captures a portion of the scene with adequate resolution. By fusing these segmented subframes, the system achieves both high frame rate (through parallel subframe capture) and high image resolution (through fusion of multiple high-resolution subframe data)
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds the time dimension by capturing multiple subframes at different time points within a single frame period. This temporal dimension allows the system to accumulate high-resolution data from multiple lower-resolution snapshots, achieving high overall resolution while maintaining high frame rate through parallel processing of subframes
3Measurement precision
If light dot density is increased to improve resolution, then image clarity and distance measurement accuracy increase, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by projecting light dots at a moderate density that would be insufficient for a single complete image, but becomes sufficient when multiple subframes are fused. This allows the system to achieve high resolution and accurate distance measurement without the high energy consumption that would result from projecting light dots at excessively high density in a single frame
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances image resolution and accuracy of distance measurement while maintaining fixed light dot density, improving driving safety by increasing the clarity and precision of environmental images.
Implementation Method 1
the laser beam splitter module receives the laser lights emitted from the laser light source and diffracts the laser lights into a plurality of diffractive lights
Implementation Method 2
the light coupler optically coupling the laser lights into a collimated light signal transmitted through the fiber
Implementation Method 3
the receiver lens module receives a reflective light signal of the diffractive lights reflected from the target
Data Source
AI summary
A LiDAR system includes a microcontroller, a laser light source, a lens module, and a receiver. The lens module includes a receiver lens module and a laser beam splitter module. The laser beam splitter module includes a diffractive optical element and a collimation lens assembly. The laser light source emits a plurality of laser beams with different wavelengths and includes a light coupler. The light coupler optically couples the laser beams into a collimated light signal. In a sensor shutter time of each subframe in a frame, a plurality of pixels of the receiver receive at least one reflective light signal of the laser light with different wavelengths to obtain a plurality of subframes of environmental images, and takes a distance value represented by the reflective light signals as a distance value of the pixels of the subframe, the microcontroller fuses the distance values of the pixels of the plurality of subframes of the environmental images as a final distance value of the frame.