LIDAR Wind Direction Determination Using Spherical Cubature

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wind turbine control systems lack the capability to accurately and efficiently determine wind direction in real-time, particularly at the rotor plane, which is crucial for optimizing power production and minimizing structural stress, due to limitations in existing measurement techniques such as anemometers and LIDAR sensors.

Innovation Solution

A method utilizing a LIDAR sensor to measure wind speed components and employing a spherical cubature approximation to determine wind direction in real-time, by converting radial wind speed measurements into longitudinal and transverse components and applying a Gaussian distribution for precise direction estimation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If LIDAR sensor is used to measure wind field, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewind speed measurement precisionVSAvoidsensor system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical anemometers with optical LIDAR sensors to measure wind speed. The LIDAR system uses laser beams and light scattering principles to detect wind velocity without moving mechanical parts, thereby improving measurement precision while the signal processing algorithms handle the complexity of data interpretation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If LIDAR sensor is positioned on ground or sea, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases due to additional calibration steps

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewind speed and direction measurement precisionVSAvoidcalibration time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary calibration of the LIDAR sensor during the initial setup phase, storing the calibration parameters in the controller. Once calibrated, the system operates autonomously without requiring repeated calibration steps, thereby reducing time loss during operational phases while maintaining high measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If Monte Carlo method is used to determine wind direction, then reliability is improved, but productivity decreases due to calculation time

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewind direction determination reliabilityVSAvoidreal-time processing speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a hybrid approach where a simplified wind direction determination algorithm provides real-time responses for immediate control actions, while the Monte Carlo method is applied selectively for verification and refined estimation when computational resources are available. This partial application of the computationally intensive method maintains reliability without sacrificing real-time productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables reliable, real-time determination of wind direction, reducing structural loads and optimizing energy recovery by providing accurate wind data for turbine control, thus enhancing operational efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

Implementation Method 1

LIDAR is a remote sensing or optical measurement technology based on analyzing the properties of a beam reflected back to its emitter. This method is used, in particular, to determine the distance to an object using a pulsed laser.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDoppler effect: Doppler Effect

Implementation Method 2

LIDAR is a remote sensing or optical measurement technology based on analyzing the properties of a beam reflected back to its emitter.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight reflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP3862563B1Method for determining the direction of the wind by means of a laser remote detection sensor
Publication Date: 2023.09.13 IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES
  • EP3862563B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3862563B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3862563B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method for determining wind direction using a LIDAR sensor (2). For this method, measurements are taken using the LIDAR sensor (2), a Gaussian distribution of the longitudinal (u) and transverse (v) components of the wind speed is deduced, and then the wind direction (θ) is determined using a spherical cubature approximation method and the Gaussian distribution of the longitudinal and transverse components of the wind speed.