Automotive LiDAR Window and Windshield Layout for EMI Rejection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing LiDAR systems face challenges in maintaining a high signal-to-noise ratio due to issues such as shielding materials, filtering, and electromagnetic processes, and electromagnetic interference, which have limitations such as increased weight, volume, sensitivity, and electromagnetic interference.
Innovation Solution
An automotive LiDAR system with a laser device and windshield configuration, where the windshield has a magnetically conductive material to absorb electromagnetic waves and a specific inclination angle to reflect environmental electromagnetic waves, combined with microstructures to enhance light transmission and reduce interference, improving the signal-to-noise ratio by absorbing electromagnetic waves, and reflecting electromagnetic interference. The windshield has a magnetically conductive material to absorb electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetic interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If shielding materials are used to block electromagnetic waves, then the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, but the weight and volume of the LiDAR system increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameter of the windshield from ordinary glass to magnetically conductive glass, which inherently absorbs electromagnetic waves in the 1600-2000nm range. This material parameter change provides shielding functionality without adding separate shielding layers, thus avoiding weight and volume increase.
Solution Approach 2:
The windshield serves multiple functions: it protects the LiDAR system from environmental elements and simultaneously acts as an electromagnetic wave absorber for specific wavelength bands. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for dedicated shielding components, maintaining lightweight design while improving signal-to-noise ratio.
2Reliability
If filters are used to block stray light, then the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, but the sensitivity of the LiDAR system is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies selective absorption properties to specific wavelength bands (1600-2000nm) while maintaining transparency for the LiDAR operating wavelength (1550nm). This local quality approach allows filtering of interfering light without affecting the detection of valid signals, thus preserving sensitivity while improving signal-to-noise ratio.
3Reliability
If light sources with good resistance to interference are used, then the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, but the cost of the LiDAR system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces magnetically conductive glass as an intermediary element between the light source and the environment. This mediator absorbs interfering electromagnetic waves before they reach the receiver, protecting the system without requiring expensive interference-resistant light sources. The cost is shifted to a relatively inexpensive windshield material modification.
4Reliability
If digital signal processing technology is used to eliminate optical signals, then the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, but the complexity of the LiDAR system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary filtering of electromagnetic interference at the physical level using magnetically conductive glass before the signals reach the digital processing stage. This preliminary action removes a significant portion of noise early in the signal path, reducing the burden on digital signal processing algorithms and simplifying the overall system complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively enhances the signal-to-noise ratio due to electromagnetic interference. The windshield has a magnetically conductive material to absorb electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic interference, and electromagnetic interference.
Implementation Method 1
The light-transmitting window comprises a magnetically conductive material configured to absorb electromagnetic waves in a wavelength band of about 1600 nm to about 2000 nm
Implementation Method 2
The windshield faces the light-transmitting window and is configured to have a reflectance of about 8% to about 10% for environmental electromagnetic waves in a wavelength band of about 1600 nm to about 2000 nm
Implementation Method 3
The light source is disposed within the enclosure and configured to emit a light beam having a wavelength band of about 1500 nm to about 1600 nm
Implementation Method 4
The receiver is disposed within the enclosure and configured to detect optical signals in a wavelength band of about 1450 nm to about 2000 nm
Data Source
AI summary
An automotive LiDAR system includes a laser device and a windshield. The laser device includes an enclosure, a light source, and a receiver. The enclosure includes a housing with an opening and a light-transmitting window disposed in the opening. The light-transmitting window includes magnetically conductive material configured to absorb electromagnetic waves in a wavelength band of about 1600 nm to about 2000 nm. The light source is disposed within the enclosure and configured to emit a light beam having a wavelength band of about 1500 nm to about 1600 nm. The receiver is disposed within the enclosure and configured to detect optical signals in a wavelength band of about 1450 nm to about 2000 nm. The windshield faces the light-transmitting window and is configured to have a reflectance of about 8% to about 10% for environmental electromagnetic waves in a wavelength band of about 1600 nm to about 2000 nm.