Lithium Iron Phosphate Composite with SiCO Coating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current positive materials for lithium ion batteries, such as lithium cobalt oxide and lithium nickelate, face limitations due to high cost, safety concerns, and low capacity, while lithium iron phosphate has poor electronic conductivity and low tap density, restricting their large-scale application, especially in electric vehicles.

Innovation Solution

A positive composite material for lithium ion batteries is developed by compounding lithium iron phosphate (LiaMbPO4) with SiCO, SiCNO, or SiBCN, which are prepared through pyrolysis of polysiloxane, polysilazane, or polyborosilazane, to improve electrochemical properties and tap density.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If carbon coating is applied to lithium iron phosphate, then electrochemical property is improved, but tap density is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrochemical propertyVSAvoidtap density
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the thickness and composition parameters of the coating layers to balance electrochemical performance and tap density. By controlling the coating layer thickness and material composition ratios, the patent achieves improved electrochemical properties while minimizing the impact on tap density.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies coating material selectively and in controlled amounts on the particle surface, creating a thin functional layer that provides electrochemical benefits without excessive mass addition that would reduce tap density.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If lithium cobalt oxide is used as positive material, then electrochemical property is improved, but cost and safety are worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrochemical propertyVSAvoidcost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces expensive lithium cobalt oxide with cheaper lithium iron phosphate as the base material, achieving cost reduction. The coating layers are applied in thin, controlled amounts to provide necessary performance enhancement without excessive material cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite structure where lithium iron phosphate serves as the cost-effective base material, enhanced by thin coating layers of carbon and oxide materials. This composite approach achieves electrochemical performance comparable to or better than lithium cobalt oxide at lower cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Quantity of substance

If lithium nickelate is used as positive material, then capacity is improved, but synthesis difficulty and safety are worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecapacityVSAvoidsynthesis difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces difficult-to-synthesize lithium nickelate with easier-to-manufacture lithium iron phosphate as the base material. The simplified synthesis process of lithium iron phosphate is maintained while adding coating layers to enhance capacity performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite where lithium iron phosphate provides the stable base structure with easy synthesis, while the carbon and oxide coating layers contribute to enhanced capacity and electrochemical performance, achieving results comparable to lithium nickelate with simpler manufacturing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The composite material significantly enhances electrochemical specific capacity, charge-discharge efficiency, and tap density, achieving better electrical conductivity and stability compared to standalone lithium iron phosphate or materials coated with carbon or oxides, thereby improving the practicality and performance of lithium ion batteries.

Implementation Method 1

which are prepared through pyrolysis of polysiloxane, polysilazane, or polyborosilazane

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPyrolysis: Pyrolysis

Data Source

PatentUS9362566B2Positive composite material for lithium ion batteries and preparation method thereof
Publication Date: 2016.06.07 CHINA AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY RES INST CO LTD
  • US9362566B2 patent drawing
  • US9362566B2 patent drawing
  • US9362566B2 patent drawing

AI summary

An anode composite material for lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The composite material is a composite material formed by compounding at least one of SiCO, SiCNO, SiCN and SiBCN with LiaMbPO4, wherein 0.95≦a≦1.1, 0.95≦b≦1.1, and M is at least one of Fe, Co, Ni and Mn. The content of at least one of SiCO, SiCNO, SiCN and SiBCN in the anode composite material is in a range of 1-20 wt % of the total weight of the composite material. The composite material formed by compounding at least one of SiCO, SiCNO, SiCN and SiBCN with LiaMbPO4 is obtained by adding LiaMbPO4 into at least one organosilicon polymer of polysiloxane, polysilazane, and polyborosilazane, and then curing, crosslinking, and pyrolyzing. Compared with LiaMbPO4, the composite material has a notable improvement in electrochemistry performance and tap density.