Light-Guiding Structure for Security Documents

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing security documents with light-guiding structures face disruptions in edge lighting when opaque layers are introduced, leading to a loss of waveguide properties and inability to encode and verify information effectively.

Innovation Solution

A security element with a light-guiding structure comprising a transparent core and cladding, where the core's refractive index is greater than the cladding's, allowing for total reflection and light transmission to an exit surface, with local modifications in volume transmission properties using preparations to create patterns or filter light, enabling targeted information encoding and verification.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If opaque layers are introduced into security documents with light-guiding structures, then additional security features or information can be added, but the waveguide property is disrupted and edge lighting is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveability to add security featuresVSAvoidwaveguide property
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating specific transparent zones within the document body that maintain optical transparency and waveguide properties, while other areas can contain opaque security features. This allows different regions to have different optical properties - transparent regions for light conduction and opaque regions for additional security elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The document body is segmented into distinct functional zones: transparent light-guiding regions that maintain waveguide properties and separate opaque regions that can contain additional security features without interfering with the optical path. This segmentation allows both transparent and opaque elements to coexist.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Loss of information

If printed layers are applied to security documents, then information can be encoded, but the light conduction through the document body is disrupted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation encoding capabilityVSAvoidlight conduction
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

Printed information is placed in localized areas that do not interfere with the main light conduction path. The printed layers are positioned in regions where they either do not block the optical path or where the light guidance occurs through different mechanisms that are not affected by the printed information.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Illumination intensity

If the entire document body acts as a waveguide, then edge lighting occurs, but introducing opaque layers disrupts this waveguide property

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveedge lighting intensityVSAvoidability to add opaque layers
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The waveguide function is segmented from the entire document body to specific transparent zones. These dedicated light-guiding regions maintain the waveguide property and produce edge lighting, while other segmented regions can contain opaque layers and additional security features without affecting the optical guidance in the transparent zones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution allows for the creation of a secure, verifiable security element that maintains light conduction integrity regardless of additional layers, providing enhanced intensity differences and pattern visibility at the exit surface, facilitating effective information encoding and verification.

Implementation Method 1

the refractive index of the core being greater than the refractive index of the cladding, so that in the Core wave guidance can take place using a total reflection at a core - cladding interface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Implementation Method 2

the transparent material of the core is modified locally in a targeted manner with regard to its volume transmission property using a preparation. This makes it possible to locally impair or completely prevent the propagation of light in the core

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Data Source

PatentEP2558304B1Security element having a light-guiding structure that is locally modified in respect of the light propagation properties and method for producing such a security element
Publication Date: 2014.05.07 BUNDESDRUCKEREI GMBH
  • EP2558304B1 patent drawingFigure 1~4
  • EP2558304B1 patent drawingFigure 5
  • EP2558304B1 patent drawingFigure 6~8

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for producing a security element (1) and to a security element (1), in particular for a value or security document, comprising a light-guiding structure, wherein the light-guiding structure comprises a transparent core (2) and a likewise transparent cladding (7), and wherein the refractive index of the core (2) is greater than the refractive index of the cladding such that a total reflection for light wave guidance can take place at the interface between core (2) and cladding (7) and thus a light wave guidance to an exit surface (75) of the core (2) is possible. A volume transmission property of the core (2) is locally modified such that during light guidance in the light-guiding structure an intensity pattern of the emerging light, which is dependent on the exit location and is caused by the locally modified volume transmission property can be observed at the exit surface (75).