Lightning-Proof Piezoelectric Acceleration Sensor Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing piezoelectric acceleration sensors are susceptible to lightning strikes and electromagnetic interferences in complex environments such as electric power systems, aviation, and railway transportation, lacking effective lightning-proof mechanisms.
Innovation Solution
A lightning-proof piezoelectric acceleration sensor design incorporating a housing, core assembly, shielding cover, insulation sheet, lightning-proof circuit board with TVS tube, gas discharge tube, and resistor, and a heat-shrinkable sleeve, along with alumina ceramics for mechanical strength, to provide enhanced insulation and surge voltage protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the piezoelectric acceleration sensor is used in complex environments such as electric power systems, aviation, and railway transportation, then the sensor can measure acceleration in these applications, but the sensor becomes susceptible to lightning strikes and electromagnetic interferences
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces intermediary protective components between the piezoelectric sensor and the external environment. Specifically, TVS tubes and gas discharge tubes are placed in the signal transmission path to intercept and divert lightning strikes and electromagnetic interference away from the sensitive piezoelectric element, allowing the sensor to operate in harsh environments without damage
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful lightning strike energy into a beneficial protective mechanism. The TVS tube and gas discharge tube are designed to activate under lightning conditions, using the high voltage to trigger their protective function. The gas discharge tube ionizes gas to create a low-resistance path that safely channels lightning current away from the sensor, transforming the harmful electrical energy into a protective action
2Reliability
If insulation components are added to improve lightning-proof effect, then the creepage distance increases and lightning resistance improves, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple protective functions into integrated components. The insulation sheet serves dual purposes: providing electrical insulation between the piezoelectric element and housing, and increasing creepage distance for lightning protection. The shielding cover simultaneously provides electromagnetic shielding and structural support. The TVS tube and gas discharge tube are integrated on the same circuit board, combining surge protection with signal processing functions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses thin film insulation materials (insulation sheet) and flexible shielding structures (shielding cover) that provide effective protection without adding significant bulk or complexity. These thin protective layers maintain compact device dimensions while achieving the required creepage distances and shielding effectiveness
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves a compact structure with increased creepage distance and improved lightning-proof effect, effectively resisting electromagnetic noises and preventing electric breakdown, while maintaining mechanical integrity against vibrations and impacts.
Implementation Method 1
the insulation sheet has one end fixedly connected to the core assembly and the other end fixedly connected to an inner wall of the housing
Implementation Method 2
The lightning-proof circuit board comprises a Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) tube
Implementation Method 3
a gas discharge tube and a resistor integrated thereon
Implementation Method 4
the working principle of piezoelectric sensors is to realize mutual conversion between mechanical energy and electric energy based on the piezoelectric effect
Implementation Method 5
the heat-shrinkable sleeve is sleeved outside the shielding cover and has a lower end connected to the housing and an upper end situated higher than the shielding cover
Data Source
AI summary
The present application relates to the technical field of sensors, and particularly relates to a lightning-proof piezoelectric acceleration sensor which comprises a housing, a core assembly, an insulation sheet, a shielding cover, a lightning-proof circuit board and a heat-shrinkable sleeve, the core assembly is provided inside the housing, the insulation sheet has one end fixedly connected to the core assembly and the other end fixedly connected to an inner wall of the housing, the shielding cover is sleeved outside the core assembly and has an open end oriented towards the insulation sheet, the lightning-proof circuit board is fixedly provided on an upper end of the shielding cover and is electrically connected to an external connector and the core assembly respectively, the heat-shrinkable sleeve is sleeved outside the shielding cover and has a lower end connected to the housing and an upper end situated higher than the shielding cover.