Lignin Coke Graphite Property Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

The use of lignin as a precursor for carbon products has been hindered by its amorphous and highly functionalized nature, leading to limited success in producing high-quality carbon-based materials, despite its potential due to its high aromatic content and coking value.

Innovation Solution

A method involving mixing coke derived from a petroleum product with a sufficient quantity of coke derived from lignin to form a green mixture, which is then carbonized and graphitized, allowing for the adjustment of selected properties of the graphite article, such as CTE and d 002 spacing, to achieve desired properties not attainable with coke from the petroleum product alone.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If lignin is used as a precursor for carbon products, then the aromatic content and coking value are improved, but the amorphous and highly functionalized nature leads to poor manufacturing success

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvearomatic contentVSAvoidcarbon product quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines lignin-based coke with petroleum-based coke to create a composite material. The petroleum-based coke serves as a matrix that provides structural integrity and graphitizability, while the lignin-based coke contributes aromatic content and modifies specific properties like CTE and electrical resistance. This composite approach allows the benefits of lignin's high aromatic content to be realized while overcoming its amorphous nature through the petroleum coke framework.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the coke precursor by controlling the ratio of lignin-based coke to petroleum-based coke. By adjusting this composition parameter and controlling the coking and graphitization process parameters (temperature, atmosphere, duration), the patent transforms the amorphous lignin structure into a graphitic structure with desired properties, thereby improving manufacturing success.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Stability of the object's composition

If only petroleum product coke is used, then manufacturing consistency is maintained, but property adjustment flexibility is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing consistencyVSAvoidproperty adjustment flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses parameter changes by adjusting the composition ratio of lignin-based coke to petroleum-based coke to achieve different property profiles. By varying this key parameter, the patent can tune properties such as CTE, electrical resistance, and density while maintaining manufacturing consistency through controlled processing conditions. This provides flexibility in designing graphite articles with specific properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The composite material system allows for property adjustment flexibility by varying the proportion of lignin-based coke in the mixture. The petroleum-based coke provides a consistent baseline, while the lignin-based coke acts as a modifier that can be adjusted to achieve desired property ranges, thereby combining manufacturing consistency with adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Adaptability or versatility

If lignin content in the mixture is increased, then property customization is improved, but structural integrity may deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproperty customizationVSAvoidstructural integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs composite materials where the petroleum-based coke forms a structural matrix that maintains structural integrity, while the lignin-based coke is incorporated in controlled amounts to customize properties. The interaction between the two coke types creates a composite structure that leverages the strength of petroleum coke while incorporating the property-modifying benefits of lignin coke.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent controls the lignin content parameter within specific ranges to balance property customization with structural integrity. By optimizing this composition parameter and adjusting processing parameters (coking temperature, graphitization conditions), the patent achieves desired property customization while maintaining adequate structural strength for practical applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the production of graphite articles with improved properties, such as increased CTE and specific resistance, while maintaining or enhancing bulk density, by effectively utilizing lignin as a precursor, thereby overcoming the limitations of using lignin in carbon product manufacturing.

Implementation Method 1

The green mixture is carbonized and graphitized

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCarbonization: Pyrolysis

Implementation Method 2

The green mixture is carbonized and graphitized

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGraphitization: Crystallisation

Implementation Method 3

The precursor mixture is coked to thereby forming a coke

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCoking: Pyrolysis

Data Source

PatentEP3041810B1Methods for making carbon products derived from lignin/carbon residue
Publication Date: 2022.03.16 GRAFTECH INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC
  • EP3041810B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3041810B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3041810B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A precursor having at least five percent of lignin based coke and d002 spacing of more than 3.36 angstroms and less 3.44 for making graphite. Methods for making a green/ graphite article include mixing coke derived from a petroleum product, a coal product or a bitumen product with coke derived from lignin. Alternatively, the precursor material for the various types of coke may be mixed and coked together. The mixture may be formed into a desired shape. The article may be subsequently carbonized and graphitized. The amount of lignin derived coke comprises a sufficient quantity to change at least a selected property of the graphite article.