Continuous Lignocellulosic Carbonization via Fluidized Bed

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods lack an efficient process for carbonizing lignocellulosic materials into powder form, which is essential for producing carbonized particles or agglomerates quickly and effectively.

Innovation Solution

A continuous or semi-continuous method involving drying and milling lignocellulosic materials into a powder, suspending them in an inert gas medium, and thermally treating them in a furnace at temperatures between 900°C to 1800°C to produce carbonized particles or agglomerates, which can be used as carbon powder.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If lignocellulosic material is carbonized using conventional methods, then carbonization can be achieved, but the process is inefficient and time-consuming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecarbonization efficiencyVSAvoidcarbonization time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The lignocellulosic material is divided into fine powdery particles, increasing the surface area to volume ratio. This segmentation allows for more efficient heat transfer and faster carbonization reactions, directly improving productivity while reducing the time required for complete carbonization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a fluidized bed reactor where inert gas flows upward through the powder bed, suspending the particles and enhancing heat and mass transfer. This pneumatic approach enables rapid and uniform carbonization, significantly improving process efficiency and reducing carbonization time compared to conventional batch methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

2Productivity

If lignocellulosic material is processed as fine particles to increase surface area, then carbonization efficiency improves, but particle aggregation occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecarbonization efficiencyVSAvoidparticle dispersion
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The fluidized bed system uses controlled gas flow to keep particles suspended and dispersed throughout the reactor. The upward gas flow counteracts gravity and prevents aggregation, maintaining stable particle dispersion while enabling efficient carbonization. This pneumatic approach simultaneously addresses both productivity improvement and dispersion stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

An inert gas atmosphere is used to prevent oxidation and unwanted reactions during carbonization. The inert environment also helps maintain particle dispersion by providing a controlled medium that reduces inter-particle adhesion, thereby stabilizing the particle composition during the high-temperature process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

3Productivity

If continuous processing is implemented to improve productivity, then carbonization speed increases, but process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproduction rateVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The fluidized bed reactor provides a continuous processing mode where powder is fed continuously at the bottom and carbonized particles are discharged at the top. The pneumatic system automatically maintains fluidization and particle suspension, enabling continuous operation without requiring complex mechanical moving parts, thus improving productivity while keeping the device relatively simple.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method enables complete carbonization of gas-suspended particulate biomass in a significantly reduced time, producing carbonized particles with high elemental carbon content, suitable for various applications such as water treatment, air purification, and rubber reinforcement, while serving as a substitute for carbon black.

Implementation Method 1

suspending and/or diluting said raw material in a fluidic medium, wherein the fluidic medium is an inert gas or an inert gas mixture

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid suspension: Suspension

Implementation Method 2

conveying the raw material in the fluidic medium into and through a hot chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 3

carbonization comprises conveying the raw material in the fluidic medium into and through a hot chamber, preferably a furnace system, and continuously thermally treating the raw material in the fluidic medium, at a temperature range of from 900 to 1800 °C

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPyrolysis: Pyrolysis

Data Source

PatentEP3230204B1A novel method for carbonizing lignocelluosic material as a powder
Publication Date: 2023.02.08 STORA ENSO OYJ
  • EP3230204B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3230204B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3230204B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention provides a novel cost efficient method for carbonizing lignocellulosic material to carbonized particles or agglomerates, preferably carbon powder. Also uses of said particles or agglomerates are disclosed.