Line Graph Transform Coding With Reduced 32-Point and 64-Point Complexity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing video coding technologies, such as AV1 and AV2, face high computational complexity due to the use of large size transforms like 32-point and 64-point Line Graph Transforms (LGTs), particularly in direct matrix multiplications, which are resource-intensive.

Innovation Solution

Implement methods to reduce computational complexity by zeroing out high-frequency coefficients and employing non-separable secondary transforms, such as non-separable secondary transforms (NSST) and optimized Line Graph Transforms (LGTs) for video coding, specifically for 32-point and 64-point transforms.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If large size transforms (32-point and 64-point LGTs) are used for video coding, then transform accuracy and compression performance are improved, but computational complexity increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransform accuracyVSAvoidcomputational complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The transform block is segmented into multiple sub-blocks, and the transform process is divided into primary transform and secondary transform stages. This segmentation allows the large 32-point and 64-point LGTs to be processed in smaller, more manageable units, reducing the computational burden while maintaining transform accuracy through multi-stage processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different transform types are applied to different regions based on local characteristics. The patent applies non-separable secondary transforms (NSST) specifically to directional texture patterns, while using conventional transforms for other regions. This local adaptation optimizes compression performance for specific image features without requiring full complex processing everywhere.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Measurement precision

If direct matrix multiplications are used for 32-point and 64-point LGTs, then transform precision is maintained, but resource consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransform precisionVSAvoidresource consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the transform parameters by introducing a secondary transform stage that operates on the results of the primary transform. By changing the processing parameters from a single large matrix multiplication to a two-stage process with different matrix sizes, the computational resources required are reduced while maintaining or improving transform precision through the combined effect of both stages.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Speed

If conventional transforms are used for all blocks, then processing speed is maintained, but coding efficiency decreases for directional texture patterns

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing speedVSAvoidcoding efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The transform type is made dynamic and adaptive rather than fixed. The patent introduces a secondary transform that is conditionally applied based on the characteristics of the residual block, particularly for directional texture patterns. This dynamic approach allows the system to switch between conventional and enhanced transform methods, improving coding efficiency for specific patterns while maintaining overall processing speed through selective application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP4143703B1Complexity reduction for 32-p and 64-p lgt
Publication Date: 2026.02.18 TENCENT AMERICA LLC
  • EP4143703B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4143703B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4143703B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method of coding image data performed by at least one processor, may include: receiving information regarding a data block of an image; determining whether at least one of a height or a width of a residual coding block corresponding to the data block of the image is greater than or equal to a pre-defined threshold; and based on determining that the at least one of the height or the width of the residual coding block is greater than or equal to the pre-defined threshold: identifying or generating a reduced-complexity residual coding block by reducing the number of non-zero coefficients in the residual coding block; and performing transform coding of the reduced-complexity residual coding block using a line graph transform (LGT) core to perform direct matrix multiplications for each of the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the reduced-complexity coding block.