Linear Actuator with Balanced Magnet Poles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electromagnetic actuators suffer from mechanical and magnetic unbalance, leading to vibrations and noise pollution, and increased mass and inertia that degrade performance.
Innovation Solution
A linear electromagnetic actuator design featuring a stator with a symmetric electric coil surrounded by ferromagnetic stator poles and three magnetized poles, including a central pole and two lateral poles, allowing for balanced transverse forces and independent movements without mechanical connections, with the option of bipolar or unipolar coil control for compact design and stable positions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If magnets are placed on moving parts to enable electromagnetic actuation, then the actuator can achieve linear movement, but the mass and inertia of moving parts increase, degrading performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the magnetic system into two independent parts: stationary magnets fixed to the stator and mobile magnets attached to moving parts. This segmentation allows the magnetic field to be generated statically while only lightweight magnetized elements move, reducing the mass that needs to be accelerated.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of placing magnets on moving parts as in conventional actuators, the patent inverts the arrangement by placing magnets on the stationary stator and using magnetized mobile elements on the moving parts. This inversion reduces moving mass while maintaining actuation capability.
2Ease of operation
If conventional actuator structures are used, then linear actuation is achieved, but mechanical and magnetic unbalance occurs, causing vibrations and noise pollution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses asymmetric magnet arrangement with one central magnet and two lateral magnets positioned at different locations. This asymmetric configuration creates balanced magnetic forces that counteract each other, eliminating vibrations and noise while maintaining effective actuation.
Solution Approach 2:
The two lateral magnets are positioned and magnetized to create counterbalancing forces that offset the magnetic forces from the central magnet. This counterweight arrangement ensures mechanical and magnetic balance, preventing vibrations and noise during operation.
3Device complexity
If overhang is present in actuator design, then structural simplicity is maintained, but dimensional accuracy and force optimization are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a single-dimension coil arrangement to a three-dimensional configuration with magnets positioned at different radial and axial locations. This dimensional change allows precise control of magnetic field distribution, optimizing force generation and reducing overhang effects.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The actuator achieves balanced transverse forces, reduced overhang, and optimized axial force, enabling compact and efficient operation with reduced vibrations and noise, allowing for oscillating, monostable, or bistable movements with improved performance.
Implementation Method 1
a stator excited by at least one electric coil arranged around an axis of symmetry of the coil
Implementation Method 2
two independent moving parts in the absence of a mechanical connection between the two moving parts, each of the said moving parts being formed of a ferromagnetic material
Implementation Method 3
at least three magnetized poles fixed by relative to the moving parts, each of the magnetized poles having a permanent magnetization in the absence of current
Implementation Method 4
each of the said moving parts being formed of a ferromagnetic material
Data Source
Figure 1(a)~2(b)
Figure 3(a)~4(c)
Figure 5~6(e)
AI summary
The invention relates to a linear electromagnetic actuator comprising a stator (1) excited by at least one electric coil (2) arranged around an axis of symmetry (15) and two ferromagnetic stator poles (13, 14) positioned axially on either side of the coil (2), as well as at least two independent moving members (7), each of said moving members (7) being formed of a ferromagnetic material, characterized in that said linear electromagnetic actuator comprises at least three magnetized poles (4.5) arranged inside the coil (2), with respectively a first magnetized pole (4) positioned in the vicinity of the median plane separating the two moving members (7) and containing the axis (15) of the coil (2), and a second and third magnetized pole (5) arranged laterally on either side of said moving members (7), between said moving members (7) and the coil (2).